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Thermal effects on the growth and fatty acid composition of four harmful algal bloom species: Possible implications for ichthyotoxicity

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Abstract

Little is known regarding how harmful algal bloom species respond to different temperatures in terms of fatty acid production. This study examined the effects of temperature on the growth rates, cell volumes, and fatty acid concentrations and compositions of four harmful algal bloom species (HABs), Akashiwo sanguinea, Alexandrium tamarense, Chattonella ovata, and Prorocentrum minimum. The HABs species were cultured at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C in a nutrient-enriched medium. Three of the species maintained optimal growth rates over a wide range of temperatures, but A. tamarense did not. The cell volumes of each species showed little change over the temperature range. The total fatty acid concentrations in A. sanguinea, A. tamarense and C. ovata decreased as the temperature increased, but P. minimum showed no trend in this respect. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the key biochemical components that maintain cell membrane fluidity and which are associated with toxicity, decreased in both concentration and proportion of total fatty acids as temperature increased, except in A. sanguinea, in which the proportion of PUFAs to the total fatty acids increased. These reductions in PUFA concentration and proportion could reduce cell membrane fluidity and toxicity in HABs; however, enhanced growth and/or ruptured cells, which are considered more toxic than intact cells, could compensate for the reduced per-cell toxicity. This phenomenon might impact on the marine ecosystem and aquaculture industry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ballast Water Research Center, KIOST, Geoje, 53201, Korea

    Bonggil Hyun, Pung-Guk Jang, Min-Chul Jang & Kyoungsoon Shin

  2. Deep-sea and Seabed Resources Research Division, KIOST, Ansan, 15627, Korea

    Se-Jong Ju

  3. Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea

    Ah-Ra Ko

  4. Department of Oceanography and Ocean Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea

    Keun-Hyung Choi

  5. Libray of Marine Samples, KIOST, Geoje, 53201, Korea

    Seung Won Jung

  6. Department of Oceanography, College of Environmental and Marine Sciences and Technology, Pukyung National University, Busan, 48513, Korea

    Chang Ho Moon

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  1. Bonggil Hyun
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  9. Kyoungsoon Shin
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Correspondence to Kyoungsoon Shin.

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Hyun, B., Ju, SJ., Ko, AR. et al. Thermal effects on the growth and fatty acid composition of four harmful algal bloom species: Possible implications for ichthyotoxicity. Ocean Sci. J. 51, 333–342 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-016-0029-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-016-0029-5

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