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Effects of Spilled Oil on Bacterial Communities of Mediterranean Coastal Anoxic Sediments Chronically Subjected to Oil Hydrocarbon Contamination

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Abstract

The effects of spilled oil on sedimentary bacterial communities were examined in situ at 20 m water depth in a Mediterranean coastal area. Sediment collected at an experimental site chronically subjected to hydrocarbon inputs was reworked into PVC cores with or without a massive addition of crude Arabian light oil (∼20 g kg−1 dry weight). Cores were reinserted into the sediment and incubated in situ at the sampling site (20 m water depth) for 135 and 503 days. The massive oil contamination induced significant shifts in the structure of the indigenous bacterial communities as shown by ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA). The vertical heterogeneity of the bacterial communities within the sediment was more pronounced in the oiled sediments particularly after 503 days of incubation. Response to oil of the deeper depth communities (8–10 cm) was slower than that of superficial depth communities (0–1 and 2–4 cm). Analysis of the oil composition by gas chromatography revealed a typical microbial alteration of n-alkanes during the experiment. Predominant RISA bands in oiled sediments were affiliated to hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria sequences. In particular, a 395-bp RISA band, which was the dominant band in all the oiled sediments for both incubation times, was closely related to hydrocarbonoclastic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). These bacteria may have contributed to the main fingerprint changes and to the observed biodegradation of n-alkanes. This study provides useful information on bacterial dynamics in anoxic contaminated infralittoral sediments and highlights the need to assess more precisely the contribution of SRB to bioremediation in oil anoxic contaminated areas.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Georges Stora and Dr. Eric Duport for assistance with the luminophore technique. We would also like to thank Dr. Frederic Poitou from Signatures Society, and Laurence Asia for their help in hydrocarbons analyses, Dr. Christelle Goréguès for her skillful technical assistance with DGGE analysis and Elisabeth Brothier, Dr. Franck Poly, and Dr. Lionel Ranjard for their kind advice on the RISA technique. The authors are especially indebted to Michael Paul for careful reading of the English and Dr. Michèle Gilewicz for helpful comments on the paper. Last but not least, we are grateful to Dr. Vincent Grossi, Roland Graille, Frédéric Zuberer and Bernard De Ligondès for their essential work in the field.

This work was carried out in the framework of the program “GDR HYCAR no. 1123: Cycles biogéochimiques des hydrocarbures naturels et anthropiques en milieu marin,” and was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Total company.

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  1. Laboratoire de Microbiologie, de Géochimie et d’Ecologie Marines, CNRS-UMR 6117, Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille, Cedex 9, Case 901, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, 13288, France

    Gilles Miralles, David Nérini, Claude Manté, Monique Acquaviva,  Valérie Michotey, Jean Claude Bertrand & Philippe Cuny

  2. Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique de l’Environnement, CNRS-UMR 6171, Université Aix-Marseille III, IFR PMSE 112, Europôle de l’Arbois BP 80, Aix-en-Provence Cedex 4, 13545, France

    Pierre Doumenq

  3. Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS-UMR 5557, Université Claude Bernard, Bât. Gregor Mendel, 43 bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France

    Sylvie Nazaret

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  1. Gilles Miralles
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Miralles, G., Nérini, D., Manté, C. et al. Effects of Spilled Oil on Bacterial Communities of Mediterranean Coastal Anoxic Sediments Chronically Subjected to Oil Hydrocarbon Contamination. Microb Ecol 54, 646–661 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-007-9221-6

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