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Characterization and Formation of Rod-Shaped (Al,Si)3Ti Particles in an Al-7Si-0.35Mg-0.12Ti (Wt Pct) Alloy

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Abstract

In this study, the rod-shaped particles in an Al-7Si-0.35Mg-0.12Ti (wt pct) casting alloy have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy. It is found that these particles invariably contain Ti, Al, and Si and that they have the structure of the equilibrium phase (Al,Si)3Ti. A near-rational orientation relationship is observed between the (Al,Si)3Ti particles and the α-Al matrix phase. For this orientation relationship, the long axes of the (Al,Si)3Ti rods are invariably parallel to the moiré planes defined by the intersection of closest-packed planes of the (Al,Si)3Ti and α-Al phases. In contrast to the (Al,Si)3Ti or Al3Ti particles form directly from the melt act as heterogeneous nucleation sites for aluminum grains and thus grain-refined Al-Si foundry alloys, the (Al,Si)3Ti particles are found to form during solution treatment at temperatures above 673 K (400 °C). Their formation occurs in the center of aluminum grains and/or dendrites which is Ti enriched due to partitioning during solidification. The low diffusivity of Ti in α-Al allows the particles to form in the Ti-enriched areas near the center of grains as the Ti concentration is not able to be homogenized during typical solution treatment times.

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Acknowledgments

Monash University was a participant in the CAST CRC. CAST was established under and supported in part by the Australian Federal Government’s Co-operative Research Centre Scheme. Rio Tinto Aluminium was the industry partner at the time of this study. The authors are also grateful for the support from the Australian Research Council and the access to the facilities of the Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Xiang Gao (Research Fellow), Yuman Zhu (Research Fellow), Mal Couper (Adjunct Professor) & Jian-Feng Nie (Professor)

  2. School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia

    Mark A. Easton (Professor)

  3. Consulting in Partnership, Melbourne, Australia

    Barbara Rinderer (Principal Consultant)

Authors
  1. Xiang Gao
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  2. Yuman Zhu
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  3. Mark A. Easton
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  4. Barbara Rinderer
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  5. Mal Couper
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  6. Jian-Feng Nie
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jian-Feng Nie.

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Manuscript submitted June 10, 2014.

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Gao, X., Zhu, Y., Easton, M.A. et al. Characterization and Formation of Rod-Shaped (Al,Si)3Ti Particles in an Al-7Si-0.35Mg-0.12Ti (Wt Pct) Alloy. Metall Mater Trans A 46, 3723–3731 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2950-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2950-0

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