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Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical application of phosphorus-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Abstract

Phosphorus-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes (P-MWCNTs) were grown onto oxidized silicon substrate with decomposition of cyclohexane (CyH) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) in the presence of ferrocene (FeCp2) by means of chemical vapor deposition technique. For the fabrication, the mass percent of TPP in CyH/TPP/FeCp2 ternary mixture was varied from 0.5 % to 2.0 % wt., while the mass percent of FeCp2 was fixed to either 2.0 % or 5.0 % wt. The P-MWCNTs were characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy as well as using Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical response of P-MWCNTs towards ferrocyanide/ferricyanide [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- was studied by means of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Application of P-MWCNTs for electrochemical analysis of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA) was successfully carried out, and limits of detection of 1.12 μM, 0.19 μM, and 0.80 μM were estimated, respectively. The findings demonstrate that P-MWCNTs are a quite promising material for applications in electrochemical sensing.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mrs. Doreen Schneider and Mrs. Sabine Heusing (Ilmenau University of Technology). We gratefully acknowledge financial support provided by Ministry Research and Technology of Republic of Indonesia (Project: Riset-Pro). The SEM/EDX and TEM/EDX analysis was carried out at Advanced Microscopy Laboratory (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland) with the financial support of European Commission (QualityNano; Grant Agreement No: FP7-262163; Application TCD-TAF-314). The authors would like to thank also Mr. Colm McAtamney (CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland) for his supportive contributions to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, Weimarer Straße 25, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany

    Nikos G. Tsierkezos, Uwe Ritter & Yudi Nugraha Thaha

  2. Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Toruń, Poland

    Paweł Szroeder

  3. Advanced Microscopy Laboratory, CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland

    Clive Downing

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  1. Nikos G. Tsierkezos
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  2. Uwe Ritter
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  5. Paweł Szroeder
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Correspondence to Nikos G. Tsierkezos.

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Tsierkezos, N.G., Ritter, U., Thaha, Y.N. et al. Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical application of phosphorus-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes. J Solid State Electrochem 19, 891–905 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2696-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2696-4

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