Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Middle Holocene Organic Carbon and Biomarker Records from the South Yellow Sea: Relationship to the East Asian Monsoon

  • Published:
Journal of Ocean University of China Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The East Asian monsoon system influences the sedimentation and transport of organic matter in East Asian marginal seas that is derived from both terrestrial and marine sources. In this study, we determined organic carbon (OC) isotope values, concentrations of marine biomarkers, and levels of OC and total nitrogen (TN) in core YSC-1 from the central South Yellow Sea (SYS). Our objectives were to trace the sources of OC and variations in palaeoproductivity since the middle Holocene, and their relationships with the East Asian monsoon system. The relative contributions of terrestrial versus marine organic matter in core sediments were estimated using a two-end-member mixing model of OC isotopes. Results show that marine organic matter has been the main sediment constituent since the middle Holocene. The variation of terrestrial organic carbon concentration (OCter) is similar to the EASM history. However, the variation of marine organic carbon concentration (OCmar) is opposite to that of the EASM curve, suggesting OCmar is distinctly influenced by terrestrial material input. Inputs of terrestrial nutrients into the SYS occur in the form of fluvial and aeolian dust, while concentrations of nutrients in surface water are derived mainly from bottom water via the Yellow Sea circulation system, which is controlled by the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). Variations in palaeoproductivity represented by marine organic matter and biomarker records are, in general, consistent with the recent EAWM intensity studies, thus, compared with EASM, EAWM may play the main role to control the marine productivity variations in the SYS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexander, C. R., DeMaster, D. J., and Nittrouer, C. A., 1991. Sediment accumulation in a moder epicontinental-shelf setting: The Yellow Sea. Marine Geology, 98 (1): 51–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bashkin, V. N., Park, S. U., and Choi, M. S., 2002. Nitrogen budgets for the Republic of Korea and the Yellow Sea region. Biogeochemistry, 57-58 (1): 387–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bi, N. S., Yang, Z. S., Wang, H. J., Fan, D. J., Sun, X. X., and Lei, K., 2011. Seasonal variation of suspended-sediment transport through the southern Bohai Strait. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 93 (3): 239–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blaauw, M., 2010. Methods and code for ‘classical’ agemodelling of radiocarbon sequences. Quaternary Geochronology, 5: 512–518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cai, D. L., Sun, Y., Zhang, X. Y., Su, Y. F., Wu, Y. H., Chen, Z. H., and Yang, Q., 2014. Reconstructing a primary productivity history over the past 200 a using the sediment organic carbon content and the stable isotope composition from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2 (5): 277–295, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193 (in Chinese with English abatract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C. T. A., 2009. Chemical and physical fronts in the Bohai, Yellow and East China seas. Journal of Marine Systems, 78 (3): 394–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C. T. A., Andreev, A., Kim, K. R., and Yamamoto, M., 2004. Roles of continental shelves and marginal seas in the biogeochemical cycles of the North Pacific Ocean. Journal of Oceanography, 60 (1): 17–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Haas, H., Van Weering, T. C. E., and De Stigter, H., 2002. Organic carbon in shelf seas: Sinks or sources, processes, and products. Continental Shelf Research, 22 (5): 691–717.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dykoski, C. A., Edwards, R. L., Cheng, H., Yuan, D. X., Cai, Y. J., Zhang, M. L., Lin, Y. S., Qing, J. M., An, Z. S., and Revenaugh, J., 2005. A high resolution absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave, China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 233 (1-2): 71–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, J. W., Xiao, J. L., Wen, R. L., Zhang, S. R., Wang, X., Cui, L. L., and Yamagata, H., 2017. Carbon and nitrogen signatures of sedimentary organic matter from Dali Lake in Inner Mongolia: Implications for Holocene hydrological and ecological variations in the East Asian Summer Monsoon margin. Quaternary International (In Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fry, B., and Sherr, E. B., 1984. δ13C measurements as indicators of carbon flow in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Marine Science, 27: 13–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ge, H. M., Zhang, C. L., Li, J., Versteegh, G. M., Hu, B. Q., Zhao, J. T., and Dong, L., 2014. Tetraether lipids from the southern Yellow Sea of China: Implications for the variability of East Asia Winter Monsoon in the Holocene. Organic Geochemistry, 70: 10–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Z. G., Li, J. Y., Feng, J. L., Fang, M., and Yang, Z. S., 2006. Compound-specific carbon isotope compositions of individual long-chain n-alkanes in severe Asian dust episodes in the North China coast in 2002. Chinese Science Bulletin, 51: 2133–2140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, J., Zhao, M. X., Wang, P. X., Li, L., and Li, Q. Y., 2013. Changes in phytoplankton productivity and community structure in the northern South China Sea during the past 260 ka. Palaeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 392: 312–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, Y. T., Hong, B., Lin, Q. H., Shibata, Y., Zhu, Y. X., Leng, X. T., and Wang, Y., 2009. Synchronous climate anomalies in the western North Pacific and North Atlantic regions during the last 14000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28 (9-10): 840–849.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, B. Q., Yang, Z. S., Zhao, M. X., Fan, D. J., and Wang, L. B., 2012a. Grain size records reveal variability of the East Asian Winter Monsoon since the Middle Holocene in the Central Yellow Sea mud area, China. Science China Earth Sciences, 55: 1656–1668.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, C. Y., Henderson, G. M., Huang, J. H., Xie, S. C., Sun, Y., and Johnson, K. R., 2008. Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 266: 221–232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, J. F., Peng, P. A., Jia, G. D., Mai, B. X., and Zhang, G., 2006. Distribution and sources of organic carbon, nitrogen and their isotopes in sediments of the subtropical Pearl River estuary and adjacent shelf, Southern China. Marine Chemistry, 98 (2-4): 274–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, L. M., Guo, Z. G., Feng, J. L., Yang, Z. S., and Fang, M., 2009. Distributions and sources of bulk organic matter and aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China. Marine Chemistry, 113 (3-4): 197–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, L. M., Shi, X. F., Guo, Z. G., Wang, H. J., and Yang, Z. S., 2013. Sources, dispersal and preservation of sedimentary organic matter in the Yellow Sea: The importance of depositional hydrodynamic forcing. Marine Geology, 335: 52–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, L. M., Shi, X. F., Yu, Z. G., Lin, T., Wang, H. J., Ma, D. Y., Guo, Z. G., and Yang, Z. S., 2012b. Distribution of sedimentary organic matter in estuarine-inner shelf regions of the East China Sea: Implications for hydordynamic forces and anthropogenic impact. Marine Chemistry, 142-144: 29–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ikehara, M., Kawamura, K., Ohkouchi, N., Murayama, M., and Nakamura, T., 2000. Variations of terrestrial input and marine productivity in the Southern Ocean (48°S) during the last two deglaciations. Paleoceanography, 15 (2): 170–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia, G. D., and Peng, P. A., 2003. Temporal and spatial variations in signature of sedimented organic matter in Lingding Bay (Pearl Estuary), Southern China. Marine Chemistry, 82 (1-2): 47–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia, J. J., Gao, J. H., Liu, Y. F., Gao, S., and Yang, Y., 2012. Environmental changes in Shamei Lagoon, Hainan Island, China: Interactions between natural processes and human activities. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 52: 158–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jian, Z. M., Huang, B. Q., Kuhnt, W., and Lin, H. L., 2001. Late Quaternary upwelling intensity and east Asian monsoon forcing in the South China Sea. Quaternary Research, 55 (3): 363–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jin, J., Liu, S. M., Ren, J. L., Liu, C. G., Zhang, J., Zhang, G. J., and Huang, D. J., 2013. Nutrient dynamics and coupling with phytoplankton species composition during the spring blooms in the Yellow Sea. Deep-Sea Research II, 97: 16–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kao, S. J., Lin, F. J., and Liu, K. K., 2003. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents and their isotopic compositions in surficial sediments from the East China Sea shelf and the southern Okinawa Trough. Deep-Sea Research, 50 (6-7): 1203–1217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. M., and Kucera, M., 2000. Benthic foraminifer record of environmental changes in the Yellow Sea (Hwanghae) during the last 15000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews, 19 (11): 1067–1085.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, G. S., Park, S. C., Han, H. C., Chang, J. H., and Mackensen, A., 2006. Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental changes in the southeastern Yellow Sea, Korea. Quaternary International, 144 (1): 38–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lamb, A. L., Wilson, G. P., and Leng, M. J., 2006. A review of coastal palaeoclimate and relative sea-level reconstructions using δ13C and C/N ratios in organic material. Earth-Science Reviews, 75 (1-4): 29–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H. J., and Chao, S. Y., 2003. A climatological description of circulation in and around the East China Sea. Deep Sea Research, 50 (6-7): 1065–1084.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J., Hu, B. Q., Zhao, J. T. Wei, H. L., Dou, Y. G., Wang, L. B., Zou, L., Bai, F. L., and Fang, X., 2014. Provenance variations in the Holocene deposits from the southern Yellow Sea: Clay mineralogy evidence. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2014.05.001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J. P., Milliman, J. D., Gao, S., and Cheng, P., 2004. Holocene development of the Yellow River’s subaqueous delta, North Yellow Sea. Marine Geology, 209 (1-4): 45–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, K. K., Atkinson, L., Chen, C. T. A., Gao, S., Hall, J., MacDonald, R. W., and Quinones, R., 2000. Exploring continental margin carbon fluxes on a global scale. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 81 (52): 641–644.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Müller, P. J., 1977. Ratios in Pacific deep-sea sediments: Effect of inorganic ammonium and organic nitrogen compounds sorbed by clays. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 41 (6): 765–776.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maher, B. A., 2008. Holocene variability of the East Asian summer monsoon from Chinese cave records: A re-assessment. The Holocene, 18 (6): 861–866.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maher, B. A., and Hu, M. Y., 2006. A high-resolution record of Holocene rainfall variations from the western Chinese Loess Plateau: Antiphase behaviour of the African/Indian and East Asian summer monsoons. The Holocene, 16 (3): 309–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. M., Zhang, J., Shi, M. C., and Zhou, Q., 1993. Actual flux of the Huanghe (Yellow River) sediment to the Western Pacific ocean. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 31 (3): 243–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mcmanus, J., 1988. Grain size determination and interpretation. In: Techniques in Sedimentology. Tucker, M., ed., Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom, 63–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyers, P. A., 1997. Organic geochemical proxies of paleoceanographic, paleolimnologic, and paleoclimatic processes. Organic Geochemistry, 27 (5-6): 213–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minoura, K., Hoshino, K., Nakamura, T., and Wada, E., 1997. Late Pleistocene-Holocene paleoproductivity circulation in the Japan Sea: Sea-level control on δ13C and d15N records of sediment organic material. Palaeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 135 (1-4): 41–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moossen, H., Abell, R., Quillmann, U., and Bendle, J., 2013. Holocene changes in marine productivity and terrestrial organic carbon inputs into an Icelandic fjord: Application of molecular and bulk organic proxies. The Holocene, 23 (12): 1699–1710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nan, Q. Y., Li, T. G., Chen, J. X., Nigma, R., Yu, X. K., Xu, Z. K., and Yang, Z. B., 2014. Late Holocene (about 2 ka) East Asian monsoon variations inferred from river discharge and climate interrelationships in the Pearl River Estuary. Quaternary Research, 81 (2): 240–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pancost, R. D., and Boot, C. S., 2004. The palaeoclimatic utility of terrestrial biomarkers in marine sediments. Marine Chemistry, 92 (1-4): 239–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, S. C., Lee, H. H., Han, H. S., Lee, G. H., Kim, D. C., and Yoo, D. G., 2000. Evolution of late Quaternary mud deposits and recent sediment budget in the southeastern Yellow Sea. Marine Geology, 170 (3-4): 271–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, Y. J., Xiao, J. L., Nakamura, T., Liu, B. L., and Inouchi, Y., 2005. Holocene East Asian monsoonal precipitation pattern revealed by grain-size distribution of core sediments of Daihai Lake in Inner Mongolia of north-central China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 233 (3-4): 467–479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peters, K. E., Sweeney, R. E., and Kaplan, I. R., 1978. Correlation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in sedimentary organic matter. Limnology and Oceanograph, 23 (4): 598–604.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramaswamy, V., Shirodkar, B., Shirodkar, P. V., Rao, P. S., Chivas, A. R., Wheeler, D., and Thwin, S., 2008. Distribution and sources of organic carbon, nitrogen and their isotopic signatures in sediments from the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) continental shelf, northern Andaman Sea. Marine Chemistry, 111 (3-4): 137–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sagawa, T., Kuwae, M., Tsuruoka, K., Nakamura, Y., Ikehara, M., and Murayama, M., 2014. Solar forcing of centennialscale East Asian winter monsoon variability in the mid-to late Holocene. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 395: 124–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, Y., Katayama, H., Ikehara, K., Kato, Y., Matsumoto, E., Oguri, K., Oda, M., and Yumoto, M., 1998. Transgressive and highstand systems tracts and post-glacial transgression, the East China Sea. Sedimentary Geology, 122 (1-4): 217–232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schubert, C., and Calvert, S. E., 2001. Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of marine and terrestrial organic matter in Arctic Ocean sediments: Implications for nutrient utilization and organic matter composition. Deep-Sea Research, 48 (3): 789–810.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selvaraj, K., Wei, K. Y., Liu, K. K., and Kao, S. J., 2012. Late Holocene monsoon climate of northeastern Taiwan inferred from elemental (C, N) and isotopic (δ13C, d15N) data in lake sediments. Quaternary Science Reviews, 37: 48–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinke, S., Glatz, C., Mohtadi, M., Groeneveld, J., Li, Q. Y., and Jian, Z. M., 2011. Past dynamics of the East Asian monsoon: No inverse behaviour between the summer and winter monsoon during the Holocene. Global and Planetary Change, 78 (3-4): 170–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stetten, E., Baudin, F., Reyss, J. L., Martinez, P., Charlier, K., Schnyder, J., Rabouille, C., Dennielou, B., Coston-Guarini, J., and Pruski, A., 2015. Organic matter characterization and distribution in sediments of the terminal lobes of the Congo deep-sea fan: Evidence for the direct influence of the Congo River. Marine Geology, 369: 182–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Su, N., Du, J. Z., Liu, S. M., and Zhang, J., 2013. Nutrient fluxes via radium isotopes from the coast to offshore and from the seafloor to upper waters after the 2009 spring bloom in the Yellow Sea. Deep-Sea Research II, 97: 33–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, D. Y., Tan, W. B., Pei, Y. D., Zhou, L. P., Wang, H., Yang, H., and Xu, Y. P., 2011. Late Quaternary environmental change of Yellow River Basin: An organic geochemical record in Bohai Sea (North China). Organic Geochemistry, 42 (6): 575–585.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, S. C., and Shi, G. Y., 2012. The relationship between satellite-derived primary production and vertical mixing and atmospheric inputs in the Yellow Sea cold water mass. Continental Shelf Research, 48: 138–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Versteegh, G., and Zonneveld, K., 2002. Use of selective degradation to separate preservation from productivity. Geology, 30 (7): 615.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, B. D., Wang, X. L., and Zhan, R., 2003. Nutrient conditions in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 58 (1): 127–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, L., Li, J. J., Lu, H. Y., Gu, Z. Y., Rioual, P., Hao, Q. Z., Mackay, A. W., Jiang, W. Y., Cai, B. G., Xu, B., Han, J. T., and Chu, G. Q., 2012. The East Asian winter monsoon over the last 15000 years: Its links to high-latitudes and tropical climate systems and complex correlation to the summer monsoon. Quaternary Science Reviews, 32: 131–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., He, Y. Q., Kong, X. G., An, Z. S., Wu, J. Y., Kelly, M. J., and Li, X. R., 2005. The Holocene Asian monsoon: Links to solar changes and North Atlantic climate. Science, 308 (5723): 854–857.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wei, H., Shi, J., Lu, Y. Y., and Peng, Y., 2010. Interannual and long-term hydrographic changes in the Yellow Sea during 1977–1998. Deep-Sea Research II, 57 (11-12): 1025–1034.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, G. P., Lamb, A. L., Leng, M. J., Gonzalez, S., and Huddart, D., 2005. δ13C and C/N as potential coastal palaeoenvironmental indicators in the Mersey Estrary, UK. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24 (18-19): 2015–2029.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, S. M., Zhang, Z. F., and Yao, Q. Z., 2007. Sources and distribution of carbon within the Yangtze River system. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 71 (1-2): 13–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiang, R., Yang, Z. S., Saito, Y., Fan, D. J., Chen, M. H., Guo, Z. G., and Chen, Z., 2008. Paleoenvironmental changes during the last 8400 years in the southern Yellow Sea: Benthic foraminiferal and stable isotopic evidence. Marine Micropaleontology, 67 (1-2): 104–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing, L., Zhang, H. L., Yuan, Z. N., Sun, Y., and Zhao, M. X., 2011a. Terrestrial and marine biomarker estimates of organic matter sources and distributions in surface sediments from the East China Sea shelf. Continental Shelf Research, 31 (10): 1106–1115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing, L., Zhang, R. P., Liu, Y. G., Zhao, X. C., Liu, S. M., Shi, X. F., and Zhao, M. X., 2011b. Biomarker record of phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in the Japan Sea over the last 166 kyr. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30 (19-20): 2666–2675.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing, L., Zhao, M. X., Zhang, H. L., Liu, Y. G., and Shi, X. F., 2008. Biomarker reconstruction of phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in the middle Okinawa Trough during the last 15 ka. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53 (16): 2552–2559.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi, H., Kim, H. C., Son, Y. B., Kim, S. W., Okamura, K., Kiyomoto, Y., and Ishizaka, J., 2012. Seasonal and summer interannual variations of SeaWiFS chlorophyll a in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 105: 22–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S. Y., Jung, H. S., Lim, D. I., and Li, C. X., 2003. A review on the provenance discrimination of sediments in the Yellow Sea. Earth-Science Reviews, 63 (1-2): 93–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S. Y., Tang, M., Yim, W. W. S., Zong, Y. Q., Huang, G. Q., Switzer, A. D., and Saito, Y., 2010. Burial of organic carbon in Holocene sediments of the Zhujiang (Pearl River) and Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuaries. Marine Chemistry, 123 (1-4): 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, S. Y., and Youn, J. S., 2007. Geochemical compositions and provenance discrimination of the central south Yellow Sea sediments. Marine Geology, 243 (1-4): 229–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Z. S., and Liu, J. P., 2007. A unique Yellow River-derived distal subaqueous delta in the Yellow Sea. Marine Geology, 240 (1-4): 169–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, D. X., Chen, H., Edwards, R. L., Dykoski, C. A., Kelly, M. J., Zhang, M. L., Qing, J. M., Lin, Y. S., Wang, Y. J., Wu, J. Y., Dorale, J. A., An, Z. S., and Cai, Y. J., 2004. Timing, duration, and transitions of the last interglacial Asian Monsoon. Science, 304 (5670): 575–578.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, F. L., 2010. Bulk organic δ13C and C/N as indicators for sediment sources in the Pearl River delta and estuary, southern China. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 87 (4): 618–630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhan, Q., Wang, Z. H., Xie, Y., Xie, J. L., and He, Z. F., 2012. Assessing C/N and δ13C as indicators of Holocene sea level and freshwater discharge changes in the subaqueous Yangtze delta, China. The Holocene, 22 (6): 697–704.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, G. S., Zhang, J., and Liu, S. M., 2007. Characterization of nutrients in the atmospheric wet and dry deposition observed at the two monitoring sites over Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 57 (1): 41–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J., and Liu, M. G., 1994. Observations on nutrient elements and sulphate in atmospheric wet depositions over the northwest Pacific coastal oceans-Yellow Sea. Marine Chemistry, 47 (2): 173–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, S., Xia, D. S., Jin, H. L., Jia, J., Li, G. H., Gao, F. Y., and Wang, Y. J., 2016. Long-term weakening of the East Asian summer and winter monsoons during the mid-to late Holocene recorded by aeolian deposits at the eastern edge of the Mu Us Desert. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 457: 258–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, X. C., Tao, S. Q., Zhang, R. P., Zhang, H. L., Yang, Z. S., and Zhao, M. X., 2013. Biomarker records of phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in the central Yellow Sea mud area during the mid-late Holocene. Journal of Ocean University of China, 12 (4): 639–646.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, Y. Y., Li, F. Y., and De Master, D. J., 1991. Preliminary studies on sedimentation rate and sediment flux of the southern Yellow Sea. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 22: 38–43 (in Chinese with English abatract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, G. X., Song, J. M., Dai, J. C., and Wang, Y. M., 2006. Distributions of chlorophyll-a and carbon fixed strength of phytoplankton in autumn of the southern Huanghai Sea waters. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 28 (3): 109–118 (in Chinese with English abatract).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zong, Y., Lloyd, J. M., Leng, M. J., Yim, W. W., and Huang, G., 2006. Reconstruction of the Holocene monsoon history from the Pearl River Estuary, southern China, using diatoms and organic carbon isotope ratios. The Holocene, 16 (2): 251–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41576058, 41476052 and 41306066), the Geological Survey Project (No. DD20189836), and the Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (No. SKLLQG1707). We thank Dr. Z. B. Wang and Dr. H. M. Ge for assistance with the experimental measurements.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Liang Zou, Bangqi Hu, Jun Li & Yanguang Dou

  2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China

    Liang Zou, Bangqi Hu, Jun Li & Yanguang Dou

  3. State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Luhua Xie

  4. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Liang Dong

Authors
  1. Liang Zou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bangqi Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jun Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yanguang Dou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Luhua Xie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Liang Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bangqi Hu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zou, L., Hu, B., Li, J. et al. Middle Holocene Organic Carbon and Biomarker Records from the South Yellow Sea: Relationship to the East Asian Monsoon. J. Ocean Univ. China 17, 823–834 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3521-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3521-y

Key words

Search

Navigation