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Near- and Far-Field Characterization of Planar mm-Wave Antenna Arrays with Waveguide-to-Microstrip Transition

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Abstract

We present the design and characterization of planar mm-wave patch antenna arrays with waveguide-to-microstrip transition using both near- and far-field methods. The arrays were designed for metrological assessment of error sources in antenna measurement. One antenna was designed for the automotive radar frequency range at 77 GHz, while another was designed for the frequency of 94 GHz, which is used, e.g., for imaging radar applications. In addition to the antennas, a simple transition from rectangular waveguide WR-10 to planar microstrip line on Rogers 3003™ substrate has been designed based on probe coupling. For determination of the far-field radiation pattern of the antennas, we compare results from two different measurement methods to simulations. Both a far-field antenna measurement system and a planar near-field scanner with near-to-far-field transformation were used to determine the antenna diagrams. The fabricated antennas achieve a good matching and a good agreement between measured and simulated antenna diagrams. The results also show that the far-field scanner achieves more accurate measurement results with regard to simulations than the near-field scanner. The far-field antenna scanning system is built for metrological assessment and antenna calibration. The antennas are the first which were designed to be tested with the measurement system.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Jörg Schöbel and Pablo Herrero, both with the Institute for High Frequency Engineering at Technical University Braunschweig, for their initial introduction into antenna array design and fabrication.

This work was funded within the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) in the Joint Research Project IND16 Ultrafast—Metrology for ultrafast electronics and high-speed communications. The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany

    Mohammed Adnan Salhi, Alireza Kazemipour, Thomas Kleine-Ostmann & Thorsten Schrader

  2. TUBITAK UME—Turkish Metrology Institute, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Mohammed Adnan Salhi

  3. AGU University, Kayeseri, Turkey

    Alireza Kazemipour

  4. Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Gennaro Gentille & Marco Spirito

Authors
  1. Mohammed Adnan Salhi
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  2. Alireza Kazemipour
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  3. Gennaro Gentille
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  4. Marco Spirito
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  5. Thomas Kleine-Ostmann
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  6. Thorsten Schrader
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Correspondence to Thomas Kleine-Ostmann.

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Salhi, M.A., Kazemipour, A., Gentille, G. et al. Near- and Far-Field Characterization of Planar mm-Wave Antenna Arrays with Waveguide-to-Microstrip Transition. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 37, 857–873 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-016-0273-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-016-0273-x

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