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Provenance of Jurassic siliciclastic deposits, determined by geochemistry and petrology: a case study from a Cimmerian intramontane basin, the Binalud Mountains, Iran

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Abstract

The Jurassic Bazeh-Howz Formation is a succession of braided river siliciclastics deposited in an intramontane basin. Three major types of facies, conglomerate, sandstone and shale, have been identified. Conglomerates are mainly monomict and polymict orthoconglomerates. The sandstones are quartzarenites, sublitharenites, feldspathic litharenites and phyllarenites. Fine-grained deposits represent more than 65% of the strata, and commonly alternate rhythmically with siltstone and very fine-grained sandstone. Bulk rock geochemistry suggests felsic, mafic and ophiolite rocks as well as Proterozoic recycled sandstones as the source of the Bazeh-Howz sediments. According to petrographic data, the main tectonic origins of the studied sediments are a recycled orogen, passive margin, magmatic arc basin, rifted continental margin and even a subduction zone. Trace element ratios such as Th-Sc-Zr/10 indicate that the sediments of the Bazeh-Howz Formation are mainly derived from a continental island arc. Also, the La-Th-Sc trace element ratio indicates a continental island-arc origin of the sandstones and shales. The rocks formed in the context of the Early Cimmerian collision in northeastern Iran became part of the rising Cimmerian mountain belt.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. Uwe Jenchen and an anonymous reviewer as well as to the journal editor Dr. Domenico M. Doronzo for their thoughtful and constructive comments. Additionally, we thank Saeed Rayhani for the technical assistance with the analyses.

Funding

The authors received financial assistance from the Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch (number 2431).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Mehdi Reza Poursoltani

  2. Geozentrum Nordbayern, Fachgruppe Paläoumwelt, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loewenichstr. 28, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Franz Theodor Fürsich

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  1. Mehdi Reza Poursoltani
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Correspondence to Mehdi Reza Poursoltani.

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Poursoltani, M.R., Fürsich, F.T. Provenance of Jurassic siliciclastic deposits, determined by geochemistry and petrology: a case study from a Cimmerian intramontane basin, the Binalud Mountains, Iran. Arab J Geosci 13, 650 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05512-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05512-6

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