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Thermotomaculum hydrothermale gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel heterotrophic thermophile within the phylum Acidobacteria from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney in the Southern Okinawa Trough

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Abstract

A novel heterotrophic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain AC55T, was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney at the Hatoma Knoll in the Okinawa Trough, Japan. Cells of strain AC55T were non-motile, long rods (2.0- to 6.8-μm long and 0.3- to 0.6-μm wide). The strain was an obligatory anaerobic heterotroph capable of fermentative growth on complex proteinaceous substances. Elemental sulfur was reduced to hydrogen sulfide but did not stimulate growth. Growth was observed between 37 and 60°C (optimum 55°C), pH 5.5 and 8.5 (optimum pH 6.6), and in the presence of 1.5–4.5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.5%, w/v). Menaquinone-7 and -8 were the major respiratory quinones. The G + C content of the genomic DNA from strain AC55T was 51.6 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain AC55T was the first cultivated representative of Acidobacteria subdivision 10. Based on the physiological and phylogenetic features of the novel isolate, the genus name Thermotomaculum gen. nov. is proposed, with Thermotomaculum hydrothermale sp. nov. as the type species. The type strain is AC55T (=JCM 17643T = DSM 24660T = NBRC 107904T).

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the captain and the crew of R/V Natsushima and Hyper Dolphin for helping us to collect deep-sea hydrothermal vent samples. We are grateful to Dr. Katsuyuki Uematsu for assistance with the preparation of electron micrographs. This work was supported by the Institute for Fermentation, Osaka (IFO) and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan

    Hiroshi Izumi, Sayaka Mino, Tomoo Sawabe & Satoshi Nakagawa

  2. Subsurface Geobiology Advanced Research (SUGAR) Project, Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan

    Takuro Nunoura, Masayuki Miyazaki, Ken Takai & Satoshi Nakagawa

  3. Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, 903-0213, Japan

    Tomohiro Toki

  4. Laboratory of Marine Microbiology, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606–8502, Japan

    Yoshihiko Sako

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  1. Hiroshi Izumi
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Correspondence to Satoshi Nakagawa.

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Izumi, H., Nunoura, T., Miyazaki, M. et al. Thermotomaculum hydrothermale gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel heterotrophic thermophile within the phylum Acidobacteria from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney in the Southern Okinawa Trough. Extremophiles 16, 245–253 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-011-0425-9

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