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Single cell adhesion measuring apparatus (SCAMA): application to cancer cell lines of different metastatic potential and voltage-gated Na+ channel expression

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Abstract

We have developed a simple yet effective apparatus, based upon negative pressure directed to the tip of a micro-pipette, to measure the adhesiveness of single cells. The “single cell adhesion measuring apparatus” (SCAMA) could differentiate between the adhesion of strongly versus weakly metastatic cancer cells as well as normal cells. Adhesion was quantified as “detachment negative pressure” (DNP) or “DNP relative to cell size” (DNPR) where a noticeable difference in cell size was apparent. Thus, for rat and human prostate and human breast cancer cell lines, adhesiveness (DNPR values) decreased in line with increased metastatic potential. Using the SCAMA, we investigated the effect of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a specific blocker of voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs), on the adhesion of rat and human prostate cancer cell lines of markedly different metastatic potential. Following pretreatment with TTX (48 h with 1 μM), the adhesion values for the Mat-LyLu cells increased significantly 4.3-fold; there was no effect on the AT-2 cells. For the strongly metastatic PC-3M cells, TTX treatment caused a significant (∼30%) increase in adhesion. The adhesion of PNT2-C2 (“normal”) cells was not affected by the TTX pretreatment. The TTX-induced increase in the adhesiveness of the strongly metastatic cells was consistent with the functional VGSC expression in these cells and the proposed role of VGSC activity in metastatic cell behaviour. In conclusion, the SCAMA, which can be constructed easily and cheaply, offers a simple and effective method to characterise single-cell adhesion and its modulation.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Pro Cancer Research Fund (PCRF), The Wellcome Trust (Project Grant to CPP, Career Development Fellowship to EA and Vacation Studentship to KO) and the Physiological Society (Vacation Studentship to RB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Molecular & Cell Biology, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK

    Christopher P. Palmer, Maria E. Mycielska, Hakan Burcu, Kareem Osman, Timothy Collins, Rachel Beckerman, Rebecca Perrett, Helen Johnson, Ebru Aydar & Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz

  2. Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK

    Hakan Burcu & Kareem Osman

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  1. Christopher P. Palmer
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  2. Maria E. Mycielska
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  3. Hakan Burcu
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  4. Kareem Osman
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  5. Timothy Collins
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  6. Rachel Beckerman
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  7. Rebecca Perrett
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  8. Helen Johnson
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  9. Ebru Aydar
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  10. Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz
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Correspondence to Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz.

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Palmer, C.P., Mycielska, M.E., Burcu, H. et al. Single cell adhesion measuring apparatus (SCAMA): application to cancer cell lines of different metastatic potential and voltage-gated Na+ channel expression. Eur Biophys J 37, 359–368 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-007-0219-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-007-0219-2

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