Abstract
The phytoplankton (internal driving forces) and environmental variables that affect complex biochemical reactions (external driving forces) play an important role in regulating photosynthetic carbon fixation. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) exists in various phytoplankton species and is an important enzyme in the photosynthetic process. To investigate the phytoplankton composition (internal driving forces), we selected the functional gene of the Rubisco large subunit (rbcL) as the target gene for this study. Phytoplankton gross primary productivity was measured using light and dark biological oxygen demand bottles to assess the carbon sequestration potential. The fundamental environmental indicators were determined to analyze the mechanisms that drive the carbon fixation process. The correlation results indicated that green algae were only controlled by nitrate, and that diatoms were positively correlated with phosphate. The cluster analysis results demonstrated that nitrite was the major driver controlling phytoplankton primary productivity. During the wet seasons (spring and summer), the contribution of the planktonic community respiration to the carbon sequestration potential was higher than net primary productivity (NPP), followed by dissolved organic carbon and nitrate. During the dry season (autumn), NPP, total nitrogen, and nitrite ranked highest in terms of carbon sequestration potential. The contributions of green algae and diatoms to the carbon sequestration potential were temporally higher than those of cyanobacteria. The maximum carbon sequestration potential occurred during autumn because of diatom production and the function of phosphate, whereas the minimum carbon sequestration potential occurred in summer. Spatially, the upstream carbon sequestration potential was higher compared with downstream because of the effect (contribution) of cyanobacteria (Phormidium), diatoms (Surirella solea and Thalassiosira pseudonana), and environmental variable (nitrite). These findings provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of phytoplankton productivity and the influences of environmental variables on carbon sequestration in urban river ecosystems.
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We are grateful to the Dr. Andrea L. for the editorial assistance with the English.
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The work was supported by the Social Development Foundation of Shanxi (no. 201603D321001), the Shanxi “1331 Project” of Shanxi.
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Jia Feng and Shulian Xie conceived and designed the experiments. Jing Yang conducted the laboratory experiments. Jing Yang, Fei Wang, Junping Lv, Qi Liu, Fangru Nan, Xudong Liu, and Lan Xu analyzed and interpreted the results. Jia Feng and Shulian Xie reviewed the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript.
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Yang, J., Wang, F., Lv, J. et al. The spatiotemporal contribution of the phytoplankton community and environmental variables to the carbon sequestration potential in an urban river. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 4814–4829 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07109-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07109-3