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Speciation and phytoavailability of cadmium in soil treated with cadmium-contaminated rice straw

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Abstract

When grown on Cd-contaminated soil, rice typically accumulates considerable Cd in straw, and which may return to the soil after harvest. This work was undertaken to assess the pollution risk of Cd associated to the Cd-contaminated rice straw after incorporating into an uncontaminated soil. With the Cd-contaminated rice straw added at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 % (w/w), an incubation experiment (28 days) with non-planting and a followed pot experiment sequent with two planting (rice and Chinese cabbage, transplanted after 28-day incubation) were carried out to investigate the changes of soil Cd speciation and phytoavailability. The results indicated that the Cd-contaminated rice straw addition significantly increased soil pH and dissolved organic carbon during the 28-day incubation. For the high availability of Cd in contaminated rice straw, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Cd significantly increased, and the percentages of acetic acid extractable and reducible Cd in soil significantly enhanced after the addition of Cd-contaminated rice straw. However, the Cd-contaminated rice straw addition inhibited the rice growth and induced the decrease of Cd in rice grain and straw by 12.8 to 70.2 % and 39.3 to 57.3 %, respectively, whereas the Cd contents increased by 13.9 to 84.1 % in Chinese cabbage that planted after rice harvest. In conclusion, Cd associated with Cd-contaminated rice straw was highly available after incorporating into the soil, and thus the Cd pollution risk via the Cd-contaminated rice straw incorporation should be evaluated in the Cd-contaminated paddy region.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2012BAD05B06), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41101300, 41371318) and Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (13JJ4113).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan Province, China, 410125

    Shuai Wang, Dao-You Huang, Qi-Hong Zhu, Han-Hua Zhu, Shou-Long Liu, Xiao-Ling Cao, Ji-Yu Wang, Zhong-Xiu Rao & Xin Shen

  2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Shuai Wang, Zhong-Xiu Rao & Xin Shen

  3. Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China

    Zun-Chang Luo

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  1. Shuai Wang
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  2. Dao-You Huang
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  3. Qi-Hong Zhu
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  4. Han-Hua Zhu
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  7. Xiao-Ling Cao
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  10. Xin Shen
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Correspondence to Qi-Hong Zhu.

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Responsible editor: Stuart Simpson

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Wang, S., Huang, DY., Zhu, QH. et al. Speciation and phytoavailability of cadmium in soil treated with cadmium-contaminated rice straw. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 2679–2686 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3515-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3515-2

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