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Comparison of the static and dynamic elastic modulus in carbonate rocks

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Abstract

Young’s modulus is one of the most important mechanical parameters in building materials used to assess both the appropriateness of a material as well as its mechanical stability. The paper reports a study to predict the elastic modulus for ten carbonate rocks using the ultrasonic technique. The rocks varied from homogeneous limestones to rocks with abundant stylolite, veins and fissures and were subjected to both salt crystallization and thermal weathering tests in order to modify the number and features of their discontinuities. The dynamic and static elastic moduli were measured in both weathered and unweathered samples. The results confirmed the poor relationship between the static and dynamic moduli for the studied rocks. A new equation is proposed which uses both dynamic elastic modulus and spatial attenuation of compressive waves to provide an accurate prediction of static Young’s modulus. As spatial attenuation is highly sensitive to the presence of rock defects, the correlation is very useful for rocks with fractures, voids and/or which have suffered weathering.

Résumé

Le module d’Young est l’un des plus importants paramètres mécaniques des matériaux de construction. Il est utilisé pour évaluer à la fois l’adéquation d’un matériau et sa stabilité mécanique. L’article présente une étude visant à prévoir le module d’élasticité de dix roches carbonatées à partir de la technique des ultrasons. Les roches testées allaient des calcaires homogènes aux calcaires avec de nombreux stylolites, veinules et fissures. Elles furent soumises à des tests de cristallisation de sels et d’altération thermique afin de modifier le nombre et les caractéristiques de leurs défauts. Les modules statiques et dynamiques furent mesurés à la fois pour les échantillons sains et pour les échantillons altérés. Les résultats ont confirmé les relations faibles entre module statique et module dynamique pour les roches étudiées. Une nouvelle équation est proposée qui, à partir du module d’élasticité dynamique et de l’atténuation spatiale des ondes de compression, fournit une prévision du module d’Young statique. Du fait que l’atténuation spatiale des ondes de compression est hautement sensible à la présence de défauts dans les roches, la corrélation établie est très utile pour les roches contenant des fissures et des vides ou qui ont été soumises à de l’altération.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (MEC): project CGL2006-05027/BTE. A pre-doctoral research fellowship was awarded to J. Martínez-Martínez by the Higher Council of Scientific Investigations (CSIC, Spain).

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Correspondence to J. Martínez-Martínez.

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Martínez-Martínez, J., Benavente, D. & García-del-Cura, M.A. Comparison of the static and dynamic elastic modulus in carbonate rocks. Bull Eng Geol Environ 71, 263–268 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-011-0399-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-011-0399-y

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