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Building capacity in biodiversity monitoring at the global scale

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Abstract

Human-driven global change is causing ongoing declines in biodiversity worldwide. In order to address these declines, decision-makers need accurate assessments of the status of and pressures on biodiversity. However, these are heavily constrained by incomplete and uneven spatial, temporal and taxonomic coverage. For instance, data from regions such as Europe and North America are currently used overwhelmingly for large-scale biodiversity assessments due to lesser availability of suitable data from other, more biodiversity-rich, regions. These data-poor regions are often those experiencing the strongest threats to biodiversity, however. There is therefore an urgent need to fill the existing gaps in global biodiversity monitoring. Here, we review current knowledge on best practice in capacity building for biodiversity monitoring and provide an overview of existing means to improve biodiversity data collection considering the different types of biodiversity monitoring data. Our review comprises insights from work in Africa, South America, Polar Regions and Europe; in government-funded, volunteer and citizen-based monitoring in terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. The key steps to effectively building capacity in biodiversity monitoring are: identifying monitoring questions and aims; identifying the key components, functions, and processes to monitor; identifying the most suitable monitoring methods for these elements, carrying out monitoring activities; managing the resultant data; and interpreting monitoring data. Additionally, biodiversity monitoring should use multiple approaches including extensive and intensive monitoring through volunteers and professional scientists but also harnessing new technologies. Finally, we call on the scientific community to share biodiversity monitoring data, knowledge and tools to ensure the accessibility, interoperability, and reporting of biodiversity data at a global scale.

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Acknowledgements

GEO BON is an international initiative profiting from various sources of fundings.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Shannon Barber-Meyer

    Present address: US Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservation Biology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Dirk S. Schmeller & Jean-Baptiste Mihoub

  2. ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France

    Dirk S. Schmeller

  3. Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK

    Monika Böhm, Eva Chatzinikolaou, Nathalie Pettorelli & Carly Waterman

  4. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Christos Arvanitidis

  5. Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Shannon Barber-Meyer

  6. Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom

    Neil Brummitt

  7. Earthwatch Institute, Boston, MA, 02134, USA

    Mark Chandler

  8. Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand

    Mark J. Costello

  9. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Ding, Cui Peng & Haigen Xu

  10. ESiLi, Het Haam 16, 6846 KW, Arnhem, Netherlands

    Jaime García-Moreno

  11. Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, 15 Eddy Street, Hull, QC, K1A 0M4, Canada

    Mike Gill

  12. Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Clamecystraße 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany

    Peter Haase & John P. Simaika

  13. Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

    Peter Haase

  14. United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, UK

    Miranda Jones, Corinne S. Martin & Lauren Weatherdon

  15. Changing Ocean Research Unit and Nereus Program, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Miranda Jones

  16. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7204 MNHN-CNRS Centre d’Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation, 55 rue Buffon, Paris, 75005, France

    Romain Juillard

  17. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. Efigênio Sales, 2239, Aleixo, CEP: 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil

    William E. Magnusson

  18. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Melodie McGeoch

  19. MARETEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal

    Vânia Proença

  20. The Biodiversity Consultancy, 3E King’s Parade, Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UK

    Eugenie Regan

  21. University of Hamburg, Biocentre Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany

    Ute Schmiedel

  22. U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, 84532, USA

    Jayne Belnap

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Correspondence to Dirk S. Schmeller.

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Schmeller, D.S., Böhm, M., Arvanitidis, C. et al. Building capacity in biodiversity monitoring at the global scale. Biodivers Conserv 26, 2765–2790 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1388-7

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