Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ atoms near the intercombination line

Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold ${}^{173}{Yb}$ atoms near the intercombination line

Jeong Ho Han, Jin Hyoun Kang, Moosong Lee, and Y. Shin

Phys. Rev. A 97, 013401 – Published 4 January 2018

Abstract

We report on photoassociation (PA) spectroscopy of a degenerate Fermi gas of ${}^{173}{Yb}$ atoms near the dissociation limit of the spin-forbidden ${}^{1}S_{0}$ – ${}^{3}P_{1}$ intercombination transition. An atom-loss spectrum is measured from a trapped sample for a spectral range down to $- 1$ GHz with respect to the $f = 5 / 2 \to f^{'} = 7 / 2$ atomic resonance. The spectrum shows 80 PA resonances, revealing the high nuclear spin nature of the system. To obtain additional information on the excited molecular states, we investigate the Zeeman effect on the spectrum near a detuning of $- 0.8$ GHz and examine the quantum numbers of the Zeeman levels using various two-component spin mixture samples. Finally, we measure the atom-loss rate under PA light for several pronounced PA resonances.

Received 9 October 2017

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.97.013401

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Molecular spectra Photoassociation

Fermi gases

Spectroscopy

Atomic, Molecular & Optical

Authors & Affiliations

Jeong Ho Han, Jin Hyoun Kang, Moosong Lee, and Y. Shin^*

Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea and Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea

^*yishin@snu.ac.kr

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Vol. 97, Iss. 1 — January 2018

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Figure 1
Photoassociation (PA) spectrum of unpolarized ${}^{173}{Yb}$ atoms at low temperature. The various colored lines represent different PA laser beam conditions with intensity $I_{PA}$ and pulse duration $τ$ : blue ( $δ ν = - 1000 to - 727$ MHz, $I_{PA} = 0.74 {W / cm}^{2}$ , $τ = 100$ ms), black ( $- 752 to - 477$ MHz, 0.37 ${W / cm}^{2}$ , 100 ms), red ( $- 484 to - 176$ MHz, 74 ${mW / cm}^{2}$ , 100 ms), green ( $- 259 to - 48$ MHz, 74 ${mW / cm}^{2}$ , 50 ms), orange ( $- 110 to - 48$ MHz, 74 ${mW / cm}^{2}$ , 30 ms), and purple ( $- 88 to 0$ MHz, 37 ${mW / cm}^{2}$ , 30 ms). The bar-code lines at the bottom of the plot show the numerical calculation results obtained for the adiabatic molecular potentials with $T = 1$ (bottom) to 5 (top) (Fig. 2).
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Figure 2
Adiabatic molecular potentials for a ${}^{173}{Yb}_{2}$ dimer in the ${}^{1}S_{0} + {}^{3}P_{1}$ channel as functions of the interatomic separation $r$ . The molecular potentials for 205 different $(T, F, R)$ configurations are displayed, which are accessible via PA from the initial $s$ -wave colliding atoms in the ${}^{1}S_{0} + {}^{1}S_{0}$ channel. At large $r$ , the potentials converge to three asymptotic branches which correspond to excited atomic states with hyperfine numbers of $f_{1}^{'} = 3 / 2, 5 / 2$ , and $7 / 2$ . Some of the potentials have a local minimum (inset), possibly hosting purely long-range bound states [14]. The energy offset is adjusted to the $f_{1}^{'} = 7 / 2$ asymptote. The shaded region indicates the spectral range of our measurements.
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Figure 3
PA spectra near $δ ν = - 800$ MHz for various magnetic fields of $B = 0$ G, 8.3 G, 16.6 G, 33.2 G, and 49.8 G. The PA laser beam was $σ^{-}$ polarized, and the magnetic field was applied along the beam axis. All data points except those at $B = 8.3$ G were obtained by averaging five independent measurements and the error bars denote their standard deviations. The data are offset for clarity.
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Figure 4
PA spectra of various spin mixtures for $B = 33.2$ G: (a) an unpolarized spin mixture, as shown in Fig. 3; (b) two-component spin mixtures; and (c) a spin-polarized Fermi gas. The red lines show the sums of the Lorentzian fit curves to guide the eye, and the dotted vertical lines indicate the resonance positions as fitted from the spectrum of the balanced mixture. All data points were obtained by averaging five independent measurements of the same experiment and the error bars denote their standard deviations. (d) Zeeman splitting of the $- 796.2$ MHz resonance (dotted lines), with markers representing the measured PA resonance positions.
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Figure 5
Atom-loss curves as functions of the pulse duration $τ$ of the PA light for $δ ν = - 791.3$ MHz (on resonance, solid green circles) and $δ ν = - 784$ MHz (off resonance, open blue circles) with $I_{PA} = 0.74 {W / cm}^{2}$ . The solid lines are exponential fits to the initial 10 ms of decay data. All data points were obtained by averaging the results of five independent runs of the same experiment.
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Physical Review A

covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information

Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold ${}^{173}{Yb}$ atoms near the intercombination line

Jeong Ho Han, Jin Hyoun Kang, Moosong Lee, and Y. Shin

Phys. Rev. A 97, 013401 – Published 4 January 2018

Abstract

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Physical Review A

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Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold Yb173 atoms near the intercombination line

Jeong Ho Han, Jin Hyoun Kang, Moosong Lee, and Y. Shin

Phys. Rev. A 97, 013401 – Published 4 January 2018

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Photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold ${}^{173}{Yb}$ atoms near the intercombination line