Completely invisible open tunnel for cylindrical metamaterial devices

Tianyuan Chen, Hao Wu, Hao Zheng, Kaijia Sun, Xudong Luo, and Ping Xue

Phys. Rev. A 88, 013821 – Published 15 July 2013

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an open template method (OTM) that can make a completely invisible open tunnel for any closed cylindrical metamaterial device to allow the exchange of inner and outer substances. Such structure is realized by coating a well-designed negative index material (NIM) shell on the surface of a sectorial cylinder. The open tunnel is concealed by the complementary media that consists of four pairs of NIM and vacuum. With no approximation, OTM can provide theoretically complete invisibility for these open tunnels of any size as desired. Analytical expression of OTM can be deduced based on the concept of complementary media. Ideal performance of three open metamaterial devices is demonstrated by numerical simulations.

Received 15 March 2013

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.88.013821

Authors & Affiliations

Tianyuan Chen¹, Hao Wu², Hao Zheng², Kaijia Sun², Xudong Luo^2,*, and Ping Xue^1,†

¹Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
²Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

^*luoxd@sjtu.edu.cn
^†Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: xuep@tsinghua.edu.cn

Article Text (Subscription Required)

Click to Expand

References (Subscription Required)

Click to Expand

Issue

Vol. 88, Iss. 1 — July 2013

Reuse & Permissions

Access Options

Author publication services for translation and copyediting assistance advertisement

Images

Figure 1
The schematic diagrams of the OTM. (a) The symbols for regions and angles (I–IV, I $^{'}$ –V $^{'}$ , $Θ_{1}$ , $Θ_{2}$ ). (b) The symbols for radius, boundaries, and curves ( $R_{0} - R_{5}$ , $Γ_{0} - Γ_{3}$ , $L_{1}$ , $L_{2}$ ). Radius ( $R_{0} - R_{5}$ ) and angles ( $Θ_{1}$ , $Θ_{2}$ ) are parameters determining the size of opening. Each piece of the vacuum (I,II,III,IV) is compensated by its counterpart (I $^{'}$ ,II $^{'}$ ,III $^{'}$ ,IV $^{'}$ )—a well-designed NIM, so that the open tunnel (II–IV) is concealed in EM detection. The permittivity and permeability of region V $^{'}$ should be calculated from a certain metamaterial device. $Γ_{2}$ (solid lined) is the geometric size of this device.Reuse & Permissions
Figure 2
The spatial distribution of the main components of relative permittivity and permeability tensors in the NIM shell of regions I $^{'}$ –IV $^{'}$ for the TE wave in Cartesian coordinates. The angle of open tunnel is currently set to be 60 $^{\circ}$ in this example. The color scale bars are in the range of [ $- 10, 1$ ]. (a) Permeability component $\bar{\bar{μ_{x x}^{'}}}$ . (b) Permeability components $\bar{\bar{μ_{x y}^{'}}} = \bar{\bar{μ_{y x}^{'}}}$ . (c) Permeability component $\bar{\bar{μ_{y y}^{'}}}$ . (d) Permittivity component $\bar{\bar{ɛ_{z z}^{'}}}$ .Reuse & Permissions
Figure 3
(a)–(d) Numerical simulations of an open cloak and its comparisons in the TE scattering field $(V / m)$ . (a) A PEC cylinder with plane-wave incidence from the left side. (b) The same cylinder covered by the OTM cloak of 60 $^{\circ}$ . (c) The original invisible cloak with an opening of 60 $^{\circ}$ . (d) The same OTM cloak with plane-wave incidence from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. (e)–(h) The spatial distribution of the main components of relative permittivity and permeability tensors in region V $^{'}$ in Cartesian coordinates. (e) Permeability component $\bar{\bar{μ_{x x}^{'}}}$ . (f) Permeability components $\bar{\bar{μ_{x y}^{'}}} = \bar{\bar{μ_{y x}^{'}}}$ . (g) Permeability component $\bar{\bar{μ_{y y}^{'}}}$ . (h) Permittivity component $\bar{\bar{ɛ_{z z}^{'}}}$ .Reuse & Permissions
Figure 4
(a),(b) Numerical simulations of the open wave concentrator and the original one with plane-wave incidence in the TE scattering field $(V / m)$ . (a) The open wave concentrator with a tunnel of 30 $^{\circ}$ . (b) The conventional wave concentrator. (c)–(f) The spatial distribution of the main components of relative permittivity and permeability tensors in region V $^{'}$ in Cartesian coordinates. (c) Permeability component $\bar{\bar{μ_{x x}^{'}}}$ . (d) Permeability components $\bar{\bar{μ_{x y}^{'}}} = \bar{\bar{μ_{y x}^{'}}}$ . (e) Permeability component $\bar{\bar{μ_{y y}^{'}}}$ . (f) Permittivity component $\bar{\bar{ɛ_{z z}^{'}}}$ .Reuse & Permissions
Figure 5
The spatial distribution of electric energy density in time average $(J / m^{3})$ . (a) An elliptical wall with PEC interior, placed with a light source at its left focus. (b) The SLB device with an open tunnel of 20 $^{\circ}$ for demonstration; the light source is placed at the left equivalent focus.Reuse & Permissions

Physical Review A

covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum information