Does the Level of Motivation of Physical Education Teachers Matter in Terms of Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion? A Person-Centered Examination Based on Self-Determination Theory
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Overview of Physical Education Teachers’ Context
1.2. Physical Education Teachers’ Motivation from a Self-Determination Theory Perspective
1.3. Link between Motivation and Psychological Functioning among PE Teachers
1.4. What Value Does the Person-Centered Perspective Add to This Existing Evidence?
1.5. The Present Study
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedures
2.3. Measures
2.3.1. PE Teachers’ Motivation for Teaching
2.3.2. PE Teachers’ Job Satisfaction
2.3.3. PE Teachers’ Emotional Exhaustion
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussions
4.1. Suggestions for Practice
4.2. Limitations and Future Research Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Variables | Range | M (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Autonomous motivation | 1–5 | 4.52 (0.37) | − | ||||||
2. Controlled motivation | 1–5 | 2.91 (0.67) | 0.25 * | − | |||||
3. Amotivation | 1–5 | 1.16 (0.25) | −0.28 ** | 0.13 | − | ||||
4. Job satisfaction | 1–6 | 4.68 (0.73) | 0.51 ** | 0.24 * | −0.30 ** | − | |||
5. Emotional exhaustion | 0–6 | 1.58 (1.10) | −0.10 | 0.22 * | 0.30 ** | −0.18 * | − | ||
6. Age | 25–50 | 34.87 (5.77) | −0.08 | 0.01 | 0.06 | −0.11 | 0.01 | − | |
7. Teaching experience | 1–45 | 7.47 (5.63) | 0.03 | −.05 | −0.08 | −0.11 | 0.01 | 0.72 ** | − |
Study Variables | Cluster (1): Rel. Amotivated | Cluster (2): Rel. Low Motivation | Cluster (3): Autonomous-Controlled Motivated | Cluster (4): Rel. Autonomously Motivated | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 18 (18%) | n = 12 (12%) | n = 26 (25%) | n = 45 (44%) | F(3,97) | ηp2 | |
Autonomous motivation | ||||||
Z-scores | −0.17 (0.15) 2,4 | −1.22 (0.19) 1,3,4 | 0.29 (0.13) 2 | 0.47(0.09) 1,2 | 22.64 * | 0.41 |
Absolute scores (1–5) | 4.52 (0.06) 2,4 | 4.05 (0.08) 1,3,4 | 4.72 (0.05) 2 | 4.80 (.04) 1,2 | ||
Controlled motivation | ||||||
Z-scores | 0.40 (0.14) 2,3,4 | −1.12 (0.18) 1,3,4 | 1.08 (0.12) 1,2,4 | −0.54 (0.09) 1,2,3 | 51.34 * | 0.61 |
Absolute scores (1–5) | 3.21 (0.10) 2,3,4 | 2.18 (0.12) 1,3,4 | 3.67 (0.08) 1,2,4 | 2.58 (0.06) 1,2,3 | ||
Amotivation | ||||||
Z-scores | 1.15 (0.08) 2,3,4 | −0.43 (0.10) 1 | −0.47 (0.06) 1 | −0.41 (0.05) 1 | 99.13 * | 0.75 |
Absolute scores (1–5) | 1.61 (0.03) 2,3,4 | 1.02 (0.02) 1 | 1.01 (0.03) 1 | 1.03 (0.01)1 | ||
PE teachers’ psychological functioning | ||||||
Job satisfaction (1–6) | 4.25 (.17) 3,4 | 3.89 (0.20) 3,4 | 5.00 (0.10) 1,2 | 4.87 (0.13) 1,2 | 12.77 * | 0.28 |
Emotional exhaustion (0–6) | 2.21 (0.17) 4 | 1.66 (0.19) | 1.91 (0.10) 4 | 1.11 (0.13) 1,3 | 6.34 * | 0.16 |
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Abós, Á.; Haerens, L.; Sevil-Serrano, J.; Morbée, S.; Julián, J.A.; García-González, L. Does the Level of Motivation of Physical Education Teachers Matter in Terms of Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion? A Person-Centered Examination Based on Self-Determination Theory. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162839
Abós Á, Haerens L, Sevil-Serrano J, Morbée S, Julián JA, García-González L. Does the Level of Motivation of Physical Education Teachers Matter in Terms of Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion? A Person-Centered Examination Based on Self-Determination Theory. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(16):2839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162839
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbós, Ángel, Leen Haerens, Javier Sevil-Serrano, Sofie Morbée, José Antonio Julián, and Luis García-González. 2019. "Does the Level of Motivation of Physical Education Teachers Matter in Terms of Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion? A Person-Centered Examination Based on Self-Determination Theory" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16: 2839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162839