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Slow-Speed Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory: Two ChannelsSince the discovery of the unusual prototype SN 2002cx, the eponymous class of low-velocity, hydrogen-poor supernovae has grown to include at most another two dozen members identified from several heterogeneous surveys, in some cases ambiguously. Here we present the results of a systematic study of 1077 hydrogen-poor supernovae discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory, leading to nine new members of this peculiar class. Moreover we find there are two distinct subclasses based on their spectroscopic, photometric, and host galaxy properties: The "SN 2002cx-like" supernovae tend to be in later-type or more irregular hosts, have more varied and generally dimmer luminosities, have longer rise times, and lack a Ti II trough when compared to the \SN 2002es-like" supernovae. None of our objects show helium, and we counter a previous claim of two such events. We also find that these transients comprise 5.6+17 -3:7% (90% confidence) of all SNe Ia, lower compared to earlier estimates. Combining our objects with the literature sample, we propose that these subclasses have two distinct physical origins.
Document ID
20160005813
Acquisition Source
Goddard Space Flight Center
Document Type
Preprint (Draft being sent to journal)
Authors
White, Christopher J. (Princeton Univ. Princeton, NJ, United States)
Kasliwal, Mansi M. (Carnegie Institution for Science Pasadena, CA, United States)
Nugent, Peter E. (California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. Berkeley, CA, United States)
Gal-Yam, Avishay (Weizmann Inst. of Science Rehovot, Israel)
Howell, D. Andrew (California Univ. Santa Barbara, CA, United States)
Sullivan, Mark (Southampton Univ. United Kingdom)
Goobar, Ariel (Stockholm Univ. Sweden)
Piro, Anthony L. (California Inst. of Tech. Pasadena, CA, United States)
Kulkarni, Shrinivas R. (California Inst. of Tech. Pasadena, CA, United States)
Bloom, Joshua S. (California Univ. Berkeley, CA, United States)
Cenko, Stephen Bradley (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD United States)
Date Acquired
May 4, 2016
Publication Date
May 28, 2014
Publication Information
Publication: Astrophysical Journal
Publisher: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Subject Category
Astrophysics
Report/Patent Number
GSFC-E-DAA-TN24506
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Public Use Permitted.
Keywords
palomar
factory
transient

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