Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Effect of Earthquakes on Deep-sea Sediments

Abstract

It is suggested that sediments filling the oceanic trenches and transform faults suffer periodic liquefaction by earthquakes. Such a phenomenon could explain the presence of undeformed turbidite beds in highly tectonic zones and make them an ideal site for toxic waste disposal.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hess, H. H., in Petrologic Studies (edit. by Engel, A. E. J., et al.) 599 (Geol. Soc. Amer., New York, 1962).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dietz, R. S., Nature, 190, 854 (1961).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Vine, F. J., and Matthews, D. H., Nature, 199, 947 (1963).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. Wilson, J. T., Nature, 207, 343 (1965).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. Vine, F. J., Science, 154, 1405 (1966).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. McKenzie, D. P., and Parker, R. L., Nature, 216, 1276 (1967).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Morgan, W. J., J. Geophys. Res., 73, 1959 (1968).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. Le Pichon, X., J. Geophys. Res., 73, 3661 (1968).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sykes, L. R., J. Geophys. Res., 72, 2131 (1967).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ross, D. A., and Shor, jun., G. G., J. Geophys. Res., 70, 5551 (1965).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Scholl, D. W., von Huene, R., and Ridlon, J. B., Science, 159, 869 (1968).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sykes, L. R., J. Geophys. Res., 71, 2981 (1966).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Isacks, B., Oliver, J., and Sykes, L. R., J. Geophys. Res., 73, 5855 (1968).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Chase, R. L., and Bunce, E. T., J. Geophys. Res., 74, 1413 (1969).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ewing, M., Houtz, R., and Ewing, J., J. Geophys. Res., 74, 2477 (1969).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Houtz, R., Ewing, J., Ewing, M., and Lonardi, A., J. Geophys. Res., 72, 4713 (1967).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Pakiser, L. C., Eaton, J. P., Healy, J. H., and Raleigh, C. B., Science, 166, 1467 (1969).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Savage, J. C., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 55, 263 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Yaffe, E. H., Phil. Mag., 42, 739 (1950).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Press, F., Ben-Menahem, A., and Toksoz, M. N., J. Geophys. Res., 66, 3471 (1961).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Mansinha, L., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 54, 369 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Filson, J., and McEvilly, T. V., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 57, 1245 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  23. McEvilly, T. V., Bakun, W. H., and Casady, K. B., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 57, 1221 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Cloud, W. K., and Perez, U., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 57, 1179 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Housner, G. W., and Trifunac, M. D., Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 57, 1193 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Housner, G. W., in Earthquake Engineering (edit. by Wiegel, R. L.), 75 (Prentice-Hall, New York, 1970).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Boswell, P. G. H., Quart. J. Geol. Soc. Lond., 104, 499 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Freundlich, H., and Juliusburger, F., Trans. Faraday Soc., 31, 769 (1935).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Fischer, E. K., Colloidal Dispersions (Wiley, 1950).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Overbeek, J. Th. G., in Colloid Science (edit. by Kruyt, H. R.), 9 (Elsevier, 1952).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Nafe, J. E., and Drake, C. L., in The Sea (edit. by Hill, M. N.), 3, 794 (Interscience, New York, 1963).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Hamilton, E. L., J. Geophys. Res., 75, 4423 (1970).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. Hamilton, E. L., J. Geophys. Res., 69, 4257 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. Horn, D. R., Horn, B. M., and Delach, M. N., J. Geophys. Res., 73, 1939 (1968).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Fisk, H. N., and McClelland, B., Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., 70, 1369 (1959).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. Moore, D. G., J. Geophys. Res., 69, 4271 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. Seed, H. B., in Earthquake Engineering (edit. by Wiegel, R. L.), 227 (Prentice-Hall, 1970).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Heezen, B. C., in The Sea (edit. by Hill, M. N.), 3, 742 (Interscience, 1963).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Gutenberg, B., and Richter, C. F., Seismicity of the Earth and Associated Phenomena (Princeton University Press, 1949).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Heezen, B. C., and Ewing, M., Amer. J. Sci., 250, 849 (1952).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. Heezen, B. C., Ericson, D. B., and Ewing, M., Deep-Sea Res., 1, 193 (1954).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. Heezen, B. C., and Ewing, M., in The Sea (edit. by Hill, M. N.) 3, 388 (Interscience, 1963).

    Google Scholar 

  43. Ewing, M., Ewing, J. I., and Talwani, M., Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., 75, 17 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. Heezen, B. C., Gerard, R. D., and Tharp, M., J. Geophys. Res., 69, 733 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. Van Andel, Tj. H., Corliss, J. B., and Bowen, V. T., J. Mar. Res., 25, 343 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Van Andel, Tj. H., Phillips, J. D., and Von Herzen, R. P., Earth. Plan. Sci. Lett., 5, 296 (1969).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. Von Herzen, R. P., Simmons, G., and Folinsbee, A., J. Geophys. Res., 75, 1973 (1970).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. Bostrom, R. C., and Sherif, M. A., Nature, 228, 154 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Goldstein, S., Modern Developments in Fluid Dynamics, 1 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1938).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

FRANCIS, T. Effect of Earthquakes on Deep-sea Sediments. Nature 233, 98–102 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1038/233098a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/233098a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing