Regular ArticleActivation of Pausing RNA Polymerases by Nuclear Run-on Experiments
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Evidence that phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal repeats is similar in yeast and humans
2005, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :The phenomenon of promoter proximal pausing of Pol II has been recognized for many years (58–60) and has been correlated with changes in CTD phosphorylation since O'Brien et al. (31) directly demonstrated that the elongation-competent form of Pol II was hyperphosphorylated (55). To the best of our knowledge promoter proximal pausing does not occur in yeast (22); however, the phenomenon has been established in Drosophila and human cell lines by techniques including permanganate labeling of DNA at polymerase bubbles (59, 61), nuclear run-on assays (58, 62), and ChIP (20, 55, 63). Probably because yeast does not display promoter proximal pausing, ChIP studies in yeast have shown Pol II to be distributed evenly across genes (19, 46, 57).
MAP Kinase Phosphatase-1 Gene Transcription in Rat Neuroendocrine Cells Is Modulated by a Calcium-sensitive Block to Elongation in the First Exon
2001, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Taken together, these results show that the block of elongation in MKP-1 is located in the exon 1 possibly in the first 300–400 nt of the 5′-end of the gene. Further fine mapping by KMnO4 footprinting (18) and nuclear run-on performed with antisense oligonucleotide probes (38) will permit us to determine if the block to transcriptional elongation correlates with promoter-proximal pauses sites and/or intrinsic sites of premature termination in the exon 1 of MKP-1. This study identified a calcium-sensitive block to elongation within the first exon of the rat MKP-1 gene as an important element for transcription regulation.
Identifying regulators of transcript elongation in eukaryotes
1996, Methods in EnzymologyA 50 year history of technologies that drove discovery in eukaryotic transcription regulation
2019, Nature Structural and Molecular Biology