Design and performance of a TeV energy cosmic ray spectrometer

doi:10.1016/0029-554X(72)90668-4

Nuclear Instruments and Methods

Volume 99, Issue 3, 15 March 1972, Pages 547-556

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Abstract

This paper describes the design, construction, and performance of a cosmic ray magnetic spectrograph for measurements of muon spectra at sea level in the high energy region. The principal features are: (1) The apparatus is rotatable providing constant detection efficiency and momentum resolution at all zenith angles (0–90°). (2) A solid iron magnet whose mean ∫ Hdl≈40 kG m. (3) The use of wire spark chambers to determine the particle trajectories to high accuracy and allow rapid analysis of the data. The apparatus has an effective solid angle-area of 2000 cm² sr and has a yield of about 10 events a day for E_μ1 TeV atθ=35°. The maximum detectable momentum is measured to be 3.5 TeV/c, and when further corrections are applied is expected to be the order of 4.5 TeV/c.

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Cited by (3)

The trigger system of mutron, a cosmic ray magnetic spectrometer
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A large magnetic spectrometer for cosmic-ray studies has been built at Cosmic Ray Laboratory, University of Tokyo, which consists of two 400 t solid iron magnets, multiwire proportional chambers (MWPC), wire spark chambers and a calorimeter. In this paper the trigger system will be described whose geometrical acceptance is about 1300 cm² sr including the magnets. The trigger system consists of twenty large area MWPCs. The trigger selection is made up of the momentum selection, which excludes low momentum muons, and the particle-number selection limiting the number of particles hitting the trigger detectors simultaneously. This combination for trigger reduces the background level and improves the ratio of muons to background. The trigger rate is about 1.0 per minute in the usual operation.
The French-U.S. cosmic ray experiment in the Mont Blanc tunnel
1973, Nuclear Instruments and Methods
The cosmic ray muon hodoscope-telescope which has been operated in the Mont Blanc tunnel is described. The instrument has been used to measure the directional underground muon intensity at depths of 700 to 4500 hg/cm² and at zenith angles from the vertical to 80°, utilizing the favorable geometry provided by the location within the Mont Blanc. The hodoscope provides a resolution of about 1° within a half angle which varies from 24° to 32° (diagonal) and has a geometrical factor of 4448 cm² sr. A detailed account is given of the electronic circuitry used to record muon trajectories and to check the performance of the 576 Geiger counters which comprise the hodoscope. The data handling procedures are provided, along with the Monte Carlo techniques used to investigate the detector. Evidence for proper and consistent operation of the instrument is shown. The image of a neighboring mountain apparent in the muon flux is adduced as convincing evidence that the instrument is detecting only energetic muons and that these muons have not been significantly scattered in direction in their passage through substantial thicknesses of rock. It is concluded that data from the present instrument can be used to determine the directional underground muon intensity with great accuracy.
Measurement of cosmic-ray muon charge ratio at sea level between energies of 10 and 1500 GeV
1973, Physical Review Letters

^☆: Work supported by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under Contract Number AT(11-1)-GEN-10, PA 10, Task C; the National Science Foundation under Grant Number GP-26220; and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant Number 69-1741.

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Design and performance of a TeV energy cosmic ray spectrometer☆

Abstract

Nucl. Instr. and Meth.

Phys. Rev. Letters

Phys. Rev. Letters