Surface modification of iron and steel by zirconium or yttrium ion implantation and their electrochemical properties

https://doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(92)90205-OGet rights and content

Abstract

A study has been made of the corrosion behaviors of zirconium or yttrium ion implanted iron and Fe-5%Cr substrates, and of their surface characterization. Implantations of Zr+ or Y+ ions were carried out with fluences of around (0.1−1)×1017 ions cm-2 at an energy of 100 keV at room temperature. The anodic dissolution behavior of ion-implanted iron or steel electrodes was measured by cyclic voltammetry in a pH 5 acetate buffer solution. Microscopic characterization of the implanted layers was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements combined with argon sputtering. Suppression of the anodic dissolution of iron is observed for both zirconium and yttrium implantations, and the former is more effective than the latter. It was also found that zirconium implantation into Fe-5%Cr alloys has a remarkable effect on the suppression of anodic dissolution. The suppression effects become clearer as the zirconium fluence increases. XPS results show that implanted zirconium atoms form a gaussian-like distribution, and in the case of high-fluence zirconium ion implantation, either carbon or oxygen atoms invaded near-surface layers to form a diffusion-like distribution. The binding energy spectra corresponding to C1s and Zr3d suggest that the invading carbon combines with iron to form iron carbides, and the invading oxygen combines with zirconium to form zirconium oxides. In conclusion, implanted zirconium atoms play an important role in the improvement in corrosion resistance of steels.

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