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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008
Africa's rôle in the international economic order during the last five years has been changing, if in any direction, for the worse. The impact of African statesmen in the negotiations for a new order has been marginal, despite the symbolic presence of General Obasanjo from Nigeria at the Jamaica summit of January 1979. Yet in many quarters, these trends have not been recognised for the vital sign they are: symptoms of the weakness of African states in the creation of new institutions to govern our fragmented international economic system.
page 1 note 1 The impact of this development can be seen in my article on ‘The Fourth World at the United Nations’, in The World Today (London), 31, 09 1975, pp. 376–82.Google Scholar
page 2 note 1 For general and specific statements, see Varon, B. and Takeuchi, K., ‘Developing Countries and Non-Fuel Minerals’, in Foreign Affairs (New York), 52, 04 1974, pp. 497–510Google Scholar; and Mikdashi, Zuhayr, The International Polities of Natural Resources (Ithaca, 1976).Google Scholar
page 4 note 1 Oil and Gas Journal (Tulsa, Oklahoma), 26 06 1978, p. 216.Google Scholar
page 4 note 2 American Bureau of Metal Statistics, Non-Ferrous Metal Data, 1977 (New York, 1978), p. 9.Google Scholar
page 4 note 3 Ibid. p. 126.
page 4 note 4 Mineral Trade Notes (Washington, D.C.) 11 1977, p. 11Google Scholar
page 4 note 5 Ibid. May 1978, p. 5.
page 5 note 1 Commodity Yearbook, 1978 (New York, 1978), p. 39.Google Scholar
page 6 note 1 African Development (London), 04 1976, pp. 383–5.Google Scholar
page 7 note 1 E.E.C. Commission, Eleventh General Report on the Activities of the European Communities in 1977 (Brussels, 1978), p. 257.Google Scholar
page 8 note 1 OECD Observer (Paris), 07 1978, p. 19.Google Scholar
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page 8 note 3 Economic analysis yields little hope for cartels: see Tilton, John E., The Future of Non-Fuel Minerals (Washington, 1977);Google Scholar also Wendt, E. Allan, ‘U.S. Mineral Import Dependence and the Threat of Cartels’, Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers (Denver, Colorado), 27 02 1978.Google Scholar
page 9 note 1 OECD Observer, 07 1978, p. 14.
page 9 note 2 West Africa (London), 21 08 1978, p. 1643.Google Scholar
page 9 note 3 Dakar Declaration on Raw Materials, issued as U.N. Economic Commission for Africa document E/CN.14/Res./260 (XII), 27 March 1975.
page 11 note 1 UN Monthly Chronicle (New York), 07 1975, p. 14.Google Scholar
page 12 note 1 See I.M.F.-I.B.R.D., The Problem of Stabilization of Prices of Primary Products (Washington, 1968), pt. 1, p. 88.Google Scholar
page 12 note 2 Mikdashi, op. cit. p. 123.
page 12 note 3 See Morse, Edward L., Modernization and the Transformation of International Relations (New York, 1976);Google Scholar and Bissell, Richard E., ‘Political Origins of the NIEO’, in The Third World: premises of U.S. policy (San Franscisco, 1978), pp. 227–40.Google Scholar
