Abstract
The chemical environment of pest species may be considered a habitat susceptible to management Management may be by means of manipulation of the environment of the pest for population suppression or for enhancement of natural enemies Examples of each are reviewed here
Chemical stimuli influencing the behavior of phytophagous insects include host plant originated stimuli and pheromones The latter, especially sex pheromones, have proved most successful as tools for manipulation of pest population dynamics
Factors influencing search behavior of natural enemies include habitat characteristics such as crop, associated plants and plant assemblages, host plant characteristics, influence of associated organisms, and characteristics of the searching entomophage
Recent studies have shown potential for simultaneous management of a pest species and enhancement of natural enemies using pest pheromones
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Altieri, M. A., W. J. Lewis, D. A. Nordlund, R. C. Gueldner, and J. W. Todd. 1981. Chemical interactions between plants andTrichogramma sp. wasps in Georgia soybean fields.Protection Ecology 3:259–263.
Arthur, A. P. 1962. Influence of host tree on abundance ofItoplectis conquisitor (Say), a polyphagous parasite of the European pine shoot mothRhyacionia buoliana (Schiff).Can. Entomol. 94:337–347.
Bedard, W. D., and D. L. Wood. 1981. Suppression ofDendroctonus brevicomis by using a mass-trapping tactic.In E. R. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Beevers, M., W. J. Lewis, H. R. Gross, Jr., and D. A. Nordlund. 1981. Kairomones and their use for management of entomophagous insects: X. Laboratory studies on manipulation of host-finding behavior ofTrichogramma pretiosum Riley with a kairomone extracted fromHeliothis zea (Boddie) moth scales.J. Chem. Ecol. 7:635–648.
Brooks, T. W., C. C. Doane, and J. K. Haworth. 1980. Suppression ofPectinophora gossypiella with sex pheromones.In Proceedings, 1979 British Crop Protection Conference—pests and diseases. The Boots Co. Ltd., Nottingham, England.
Brooks, T. W., C. C. Doane, and R. T. Staten. 1979. Experience with the first commercial pheromone disruption for suppression of an agricultural pest. Pages 375–388.In F. J. Ritter, ed. Chemical ecology: Odour communication in animals. Elsevier New York, NY.
Carde, R. 1981. Disruption of long-distance pheromone communication in the oriental fruit moth: camouflaging the natural aerial trails from females? Pages 385–398in E. R. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Doane, C. C., and T. W. Brooks. 1981. Research and development of pheromones for insect control with emphasis on the pink bollworm. Pages 285–304in E. R. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Floyd, J. P., and L. A. Crowder. 1981. Sublethal effects of Permethrin on pheromone response and mating of pink bollworm moths.J. Econ. Entomol. 74:634–638.
Funkhouser, W. A., and A. S. Las. 1981. Aerial dissemination of insect pheromones. Amer. Soc. Agric. Engineers. Paper 81-1501.
Greany, P. D., and D. S. Hagen. 1981. Prey selection. Pages 121–125in D. A. Nordlund, R. L. Jones, and W. J. Lewis, eds. Semiochemicals. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Gross, H. R., Jr., W. J. Lewis, R. L. Jones, and D. A. Nordlund. 1975. Kairomones and their use for management of entomophagous insects: III. Stimulation ofTrichogramma achaeae, T. pretiosum, andMicroplitis croceipes with host seeking stimuli at time of release to improve their efficiency.J. Chem. Ecol. 1:431–438.
Huffaker, C. B., R. L. Rabb, and J. A. Logan. 1977. Some aspects of population dynamics relative to augmentation of natural enemy action. Pages 3–38in R. L. Ridgway and S. B. Vinson, eds. Biological control by augmentation of natural enemies. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Jermy, T. 1976. Feeding inhibitors and food preference in chewing phytophagous insects.Entomol. Exp. et Applic. 9:1–12.
Jones, R. L., W. J. Lewis, M. Beroza, B. A. Bierl, and A. N. Sparks. 1973. Host seeking stimulants (kairomones) for the egg parasiteTrichogramma evanescens.Environ. Entomol. 2:593–596.
Katsoyannis, B. I., and E. F. Boller. 1976. First field application of oviposition deterring pheromone of European cherry fruit fly,Rhagoletis cerasi.Environ. Entomol. 5:151–152.
Kydonieus, A. F., and M. Beroza. 1981. The Hercon dispenser formulation and recent test results. Pages 89–96in E. R. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Laing, J. 1937. Host finding by insect parasite. I. Observations on finding of hosts byAlysia manducator, Mocmoniella vitripennis andTrichogramma evanescens.J. Ann. Ecol. 6:298–317.
Levinson, H. Z., and A. R. Levinson. 1979. Trapping of storage insects by sex and food attractants as a tool of integrated control. Pages 327–342in F. J. Ritter, ed. Chemical ecology: Odour communication in animals. Elsevier North-Holland, New York, NY.
Lewis, W. J., and D. A. Nordlund. 1980. Employment of parasitoids and predators for fall armyworm control.Fla. Entomol. 63:433–438.
Lewis, W. J., M. Beevers, D. A. Nordlund, H. R. Gross, Jr., and K. S. Hagen. 1979. Kairomones and their use for management of entomophagous insects. IX. Investigation of various kairomonetreatment patterns forTrichogramma spp.J. Chem. Ecol. 5:673–680.
Lewis, W. J., R. L. Jones, D. A. Nordlund, and H. R. Gross, Jr. 1975. Kairomones and their use for management of entomophagous insects. II. Mechanisms causing increase in rate of parasitization byTrichogramma spp.J. Chem. Ecol. 1:349–360.
Lewis, W. J., D. A. Nordlund, and R. C. Gueldner. 1982. Semiochemicals influencing behaviour of entomophages: roles and strategies for their employment in pest control.in Les Mediateurs Chimiques. INRA Publ. Pages 225–242.
Lewis, W. J., D. A. Nordlund, R. C. Gueldner, P. E. A. Teel, and J. H. Tumlinson. 1982. Kairomones and their use for management of entomophagous insects. XIII. Kairomonal activity forTrichogramma spp. of abdominal tips, feces, and a synthetic sex pherome blend ofHeliothis zea (Boddie) moths.J. Chem. Ecol. 8:1323–1332.
Metcalf, R. L., and R. A. Metcalf. 1975. Repellents and genetic control in pest management. Pages 275–306in R. L. Metcalf and W. H. Luckmann, eds. Introduction and pest management. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Mitchell, E. R., ed. 1981. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY. 513 pp.
Nettles, W. C., Jr. 1979.Eucelatoria spp. females: factors influencing response to cottom and okra plants.Environ. Entomol. 8:619–623.
—. In press. AdultEucelatoria spp.: response to volatiles from cotton and okra plants and from larvae ofHeliothis virescens, Spodoptera eridania andEstigmene acrea. Environ. Entomol.
Nordlund, D. A., R. L. Jones, and W. J. Lewis. 1981. Semiochemicals: Their role in pest control. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. 306 pp.
Plimmer, J. R. 1981. Formulation and regulation: constraints in the development of semiochemicals for insect pest management. Pages 403–420in E. B. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Price, P. W. 1970. Trail odors: recognition by insects parasitic on cocoons.Science 170:546–547.
—. 1981. Semiochemicals in evolutionary time. Pages 251–282in D. A. Nordlund, R. L. Jones, and W. J. Lewis, eds. Semiochemicals. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Prokopy, R. J. 1981a. Epideictic pheromones that influence spacing patterns of phytophagous insects. Pages 181–214in D. A. Nordlund, R. L. Jones, and W. L. Lewis, eds. Semiochemicals. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Prokopy, R. J. 1981b. Oviposition deterring pheromone system of apple maggot fibers. Pages 477–491in E. R. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Roelofs, W. L., and M. A. Novak. 1981. Small plot disorientation tests for screening potential mating disruptants. Pages 229–242in E. R. Mitchell, ed. Management of insect pests with semiochemicals. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
Saad, A., and D. R. Scott. 1981. Repellancy of pheromones release by females ofHeliothis armigera andH. zea to females of each species.Entomol. Exp. Appl. 30:123–127.
Salt, G. 1935. Experimental studies in insect parasitism. III. Host selection.Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B. Biol. Sci. 117:413–435.
Shajhahan, M. 1974.Erigeron flowers as a food source forPeristenus pseudopallipes, a braconid parasitoid of the tarnished plant bug.Environ. Entomol. 3:69–72.
Shorey, H. H. 1977. Interaction of insects with their chemical environment. Pages 1–6in H. H. Shorey and J. J. McKelvey, eds. Chemical control of insect behavior. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Simmons, G. A., D. E. Leonard, and C. W. Chen. 1975. Influence of tree species density and composition of parasitism of the spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem).Environ. Entomol. 4:832–836.
Steiner, L. F., G. G. Rohwer, E. L. Ayers, and L. D. Christenson. 1961. The role of attractants in the recent mediterranean fruit fly eradication program in Florida.J. Econ. Entomol. 54:30–35.
Streams, F. A., M. Shajhihan, and H. G. Lemasurier. 1968. Influence of plants on parasitization of the tarnished plant bug byLeiophron Pallipes.J. Econ. Entomol. 61:996–999.
Syme, P. D. 1975. The effects of flowers on the longevity and fecundity of two native parasites of the European pine shoot moth in Ontario.Environ. Entomol. 4:337–346.
Van Emden, H. F. 1963. Observations on the effect of flowers on the activity of parasitic Hymenoptera.Entomol. Mon. Mag. 98:265–270.
Van Lenteren, J. C. 1981. Host discrimination by parasitoids. Pages 153–179in D. A. Nordlund, R. L. Jones, and W. J. Lewis, eds. Semiochemicals: their role in pest control. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Van Vorhis Key, S., and T. C. Baker. 1982. Trail-following responses of the Argentine ant,Iridomyrmex humilis (Mayr), to a synthetic trail pheromone component and analogs.J. Chem. Ecol. 8:3–14.
Vinson, S. B. 1976. Host selection by insect parasitoids.Ann. Rev. Entomol. 21:109–134.
— 1981. Habitat location. Pages 51–77in D. A. Nordlund, R. L. Jones, and W. J. Lewis, eds. Semiochemicals: their role in pest control. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Weseloh, R. M. 1981. Host location by parasitoids. Pages 79–95in D. A. Nordlund, R. L. Jones, and W. J. Lewis, eds. Semiochemicals: their role in pest control. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Greenblatt, J.A., Lewis, W.J. Chemical environment manipulation for pest insects control. Environmental Management 7, 35–41 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01867039
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01867039