References
Antoni, H. andBiegelmeier, G. (1979) Concerning the effects of direct current measurement on human beings.Austrian E. und M.,96, 71–81.
Carter, A. O. andMorley, R. (1969) Electric current flow through human skin at power frequency voltages.Br. J. Ind. Med.,26, 217–233.
Connell, P. N., Ewy, G. A., Dahl, C. F. andEwy, D. E. (1973) Transthoracic impedance to defibrillator discharge. Effect of electrode size and electrode-chest wall interface.J. Electrocardiol.,6, 313–317.
Ewy, G. A. andTaren, D. (1979) Relative impedance of gels to defibrillator discharge.Med. Instrum. 13, 295–296.
Greenberg, M. D. (1978).Foundations of applied mathematics. Prentice Hall, 476–479.
Grimnes, S. (1983) Dielectric breakdown of human skinin vivo.Med. & Biol. Eng. & Comput.,21, 379–381.
Lown, B., Nueman, J., Amarasingham, R. andBerkovits, B. (1962) Comparison of alternating current with direct current electroshock across the closed chest.Am. J. Cardiol.,10, 223–233.
Machin, J. W. (1978) Thoracic impedance of human subjects.Med. & Biol. Eng. & Comput.,16, 169–178.
Merton, P. A., Hill, D. K., Morton, H. B. andMarsden, C. D. (1982) Scope of a technique for electrical stimulation of human brain, spinal cord and muscle.Lancet., 11th Sept., 597–600.
Ogata, K. (1970)Modern control engineering. Prentice Hall, 665.
Resnekov, L. (1978) High energy electrical current and myocardial damage.Med. Instrum.,12, 24–26.
Tacker, W. A. Jr andGeddes, L. A. (1980)Electrical defibrillation. CRC Press Inc., 113.
Tregear, R. T. (1966)Physical functions of the skin. Academic Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maxwell, R.F., Dewhurst, D.J. Transthoracic resistance changes during cardiac defibrillation. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 27, 425–428 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02441436
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02441436