Zusammenfassung
Mitgeteilt werden Befunde über Vaccinierungserfolge bei Kaninchen mit röntgenbestrahlten filariformen Larven von Strongyloides papillosus. Alle durch eine Massivinfektion (40 000 La III) mit 25, 50, 75 bzw. 100 Kr-Larvenvaccine behandelten Kaninchen (♂♂, Kleine Chinchilla, Alter: 9–10 Wochen) überlebten eine hochdosierte Belastungsinfektion (65. Tag p. i.) mit normalen Larven (65 000 La III) ohne merkbare Krankheitszeichen. Unbehandelte Kontrolltiere hingegen verendeten nach schwerem Krankheitsverlauf (Gewichtssturz, Durchfall, Kachexie, Anämie etc.). Ein fast absoluter Immunschutz gegen die Belastungsinfektion im Sinne einer nahezu vollständigen Entwicklungshemmung der Larven zu Adult-Exemplaren (♀♀) der parasitischen Generation zeigte sich nach Vaccinierung mit 50 Kr bestrahlten Infektionslarven. — Vaccinierung durch eine leichte (1/3 LD) bzw. eine mittelstarke (1/2 LD) Infektion mit normalen filariformen Larven hatte keinen Infektionsschutz zur Folge. Die Tiere verendeten nach schwerem Krankheitsverlauf.
Effekte der Röntgenbestrahlung äußerten sich in Abhängigkeit von der Strahlendosis in einer Reduktion der Anzahl der sich aus den bestrahlten Larven entwickelnden Adult-Formen. Höhere Strahlendosen führten dabei zu geringeren Befallsquoten. Verbunden damit war völlige Apathogenität im Gegensatz zu einer vergleichbaren Infektion mit unbestrahlten Larven.
Summary
Results of vaccination with X-irradiated third stage Strongyloides papillosus larvae in rabbits are presented. Under the experimental conditions described significant resistance was observed in male rabbits (Chinchilla) following a previous massive (40,000 La III) single percutaneous exposure to irradiated larvae. The levels to which larvae were exposed (for attenuation) were 25, 50, 75 and 100 Kr respectively. Resistance induced was sufficiently powerful to protect all of the vaccinated rabbits (age at vaccination: 9–10 weeks) from an otherwise lethal challenge (65. d. p. i.) with normal filariforme larvae (65,000 La III). The most significant reduction in challenge worm establishment was observed in rabbits vaccinated with 50 Kr irradiated larvae. Control animals were severely affected (loss of body weight, diarrhoea, lack of appetite, apathy, decreased erythrocyte values etc.) until death occurred. — Vaccination by a single small (1/3 LD) or moderate (1/2 LD) dose of normal larvae did not protect rabbits against challenge infection.
X-irradiation of third stage larvae reduced infectivity varying with the amount of irradiation as measured by intestinal establishment of adult worms. Infection with X-irradiated larvae did not cause acute strongyloidiasis.
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Geyer, E. Strongyloidiasis des Kaninchens: Versuche zur aktiven Immunisierung mit röntgenbestrahlten filariformen Larven von Strongyloides papillosus . Z. F. Parasitenkunde 33, 164–176 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00259514
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00259514