Skip to main content
Log in

Morphogenesis in the embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster — Germ band extension

  • Published:
Wilhelm Roux's archives of developmental biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Changes at the ultrastructural level during germ band extension in the embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster are described. Cytoplasmic connections between cells and the yolk sac are present during initial cellular movements. At this time, a continuous system of microfilaments is present adjacent to the membranes in the connections and at the periphery of the yolk sac. As germ band extension progresses, this system becomes discontinuous, and microfilaments are apparent only in the immediate vicinity of the connections. Cytoplasmic connections are disassembled at approximately the midpoint of extension; at the same time, extensive membrane associations develop between germ band cells and between these cells and adjacent yolk sac membranes. Positioning and orientation of cytoplasmic connections suggest that the yolk sac, via these connections, is actively involved in the cellular movements of early germ band extension.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson DT (1972) The development of holometabolous insects. In: Counce SJ, Waddington CH (eds) Development systems: Insects, vol 1. Academic Press, London, New York, pp 166–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhuiyan NI, Shafiq SA (1959) Gastrulation in the housefly,Musca vicina Macquart. Experientia 15:226

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bownes M (1975) A photographic study of development in the living embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster. J Embryol Exp Morphol 33:789–801

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burgos MH, Fawcett DW (1955) Studies on the fine structure of the mammalian testis. I. Differentiation of the spermatids in the cat. (Felis domestica). Biophys Biochem Cytol 1:287–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnside MB (1971) Microtubules and microfilaments in newt neurulation. Dev Biol 26:416–441

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cloney RA (1966) Cytoplasmic filaments and cell movements: Epidermal cells during ascidian metamorphosis. J Ultrastruct Res 14:300–328

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Counce SJ (1973) The causal analysis of insect embryogenesis. In: Counce SJ, Waddington CH (eds) Developmental systems: Insects, vol 2. Academic Press, London, New York, pp 1–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis CWC, Krause J, Krause G (1968) Morphogenetic movement and segmentation of posterior egg fragments in vitro (Calliphora erythrocephala Meig., Diptera). Wilhelm Roux's Archives 161:209–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Ede DA, Counce SJ (1956) A cinematographic study of the embryology ofDrosophila melanogaster. Wihelm Roux's Archives 148:402–415

    Google Scholar 

  • Eichenberger-Glinz S (1979) Intercellular junctions during development and in tissue cultures ofDrosophila melanogaster: An electron-microscopy study. Wilhelm Roux's Archives 186:333–349

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullilove SL, Jacobson AG (1971) Nuclear elongation and cytokinesis inDrosophila montana. Dev Biol 26:560–577

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fullilove SL, Jacobson AG (1978) Embryonic development — descriptive. In: Ashburner M, Wright TRF (eds) The Genetics and Biology ofDrosophila, vol 2c. Academic Press, London, New York, pp. 106–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Hay ED (1968) Organization and fine structure of epithelium and mesenchyme in the developing chick embryo. In: Fleishmajer R, Billingham R (eds) Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Maryland, pp 31–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalt MR, Tandler B (1971) A study of fixation of early amphibian embryos for electron microscopy. J Ultrastruct Res 36:633–645

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krause C, Krause JC (1964) Schichtenbau und Segmentierung junger Keimanlagen vonBombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera) in vitro ohne Dottersystem. Wilhelm Roux's Archives 155:451–510

    Google Scholar 

  • Lentz TL, Trinkaus JP (1971) Differentiation of the junctional complex of surface cells in the developingFundulus blastoderm. J Cell Biol 48:455–472

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin S, Lin DC, Flanagan MD (1978) Specificity of the effects of cytochalasin-B on transport and motile processes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:329–333

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lowenstein WR (1966) Permeability of membrane junctions. Ann NY Acad Sci 137:441–472

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mahowald AP (1963a) Electron microscopy of the formation of the cellular blastoderm inDrosophila melanogaster. Exp Cell Res 32:457–468

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mahowald AP (1963b) Ultrastructural differentiations during formation of the blastoderm in theDrosophila melanogaster embryo. Dev Biol 8:186–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahowald AP (1972) Ultrastructural observations on oogenesis inDrosophila. J Morphol 137:29–48

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer G (1961) Interzelluläre Brücken (Fusome) im Hoden und im Ei-Nahrzellenverband vonDrosophila melanogaster. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 54:238–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyamoto DM (1977) The dynamics of germ band formation in the southern cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus. Ph D Thesis, Duke University

  • Poodry CA, Schneiderman HA (1970) The ultrastructure of the developing leg ofDrosophila melanogaster. Wilhelm Roux's Archives 166:1–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Poulson DF (1950) Histogenesis, organogenesis and differentiation in the embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster Meigen. In: Demerec M (ed) Biology ofDrosophila. Wiley, New York pp 168–274

    Google Scholar 

  • Rice TB (1973) Isolation and characterization of maternal-effect mutants: An approach to the study of early determination inDrosophila melanogaster. Ph D Thesis, Yale University

  • Rice TB, Garen A (1975) Localized defects of blastoderm formation in maternal-effect mutants ofDrosophila. Dev Biol 43:277–286

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rickoll WL (1976) Cytoplasmic continuity between embryonic cells and the primitive yolk sac during early gastrulation inDrosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol 49:304–310

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sander K (1976) Morphogenetic movements in insect embryogenesis. In: Lawrence PA (ed) Insect development. Symp R Entomol Soc London 8, John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 35–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwalm FE, Bender HA (1973) Early development of the kelp fly,Coelopa frigida (Diptera). II. Morphology of cleavage and blastoderm formation. J Morphol 141:235–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonnenblick BP (1950) The early embryology ofDrosophila melanogaster. In: Demerec M (ed) Biology ofDrosophila. Wiley, New York, pp 62–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner BS, Wessels NK (1970) Effects of cytochalasin-B upon microfilaments involved in morphogenesis of salivary epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 66:360–364

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turner FR, Mahowald AP (1977) Scanning electron microscopy ofDrosophila melanogaster embryogenesis. II. Gastrulation and segmentation. Dev Biol 57:403–416

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Starre-van der Molen LG (1972) Embryogenesis ofCalliphora erythrocephala Meigen. II. Morphology. Neth J Zool 22:119–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Starre-van der Molen LG, Planque-Huidekopa B, de Preista W (1973) Embryogenesis ofCalliphora erythrocephala. III. Ultrastructure of the midgut epithelial cells during late embryonic development. Z Zellforsch 144:117–138

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Widmer B, Gehring WJ (1974) A method for permeabilization ofDrosophila eggs. Drosophila Information Service 51:149

    Google Scholar 

  • Zalokar M, Erk I (1976) Division and migration of nuclei during early embryogenesis ofDrosophila melanogaster. J Microsc Biol Cell 25:97–106

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This paper is dedicated with respect and affection to Donald F. Poulson

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rickoll, W.L., Counce, S.J. Morphogenesis in the embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster — Germ band extension. Wilhelm Roux' Archiv 188, 163–177 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00849045

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00849045

Key words

Navigation