Summary
In the heterozygousF′/f female-producing females of the strictly monogenic blowflyChrysomya rufifacies the gene product of the dominant or epistatic female sex realizerF′ which causes sexpredetermination is thought to be synthesized either by cells of the germ line (oocytes, nurse cells or oogonia) or by somatic cells and then transferred into the oocytes. To determine the possible site of synthesis, reciprocal transplantations were made of prepupal ovaries between female-producing (thelygenic; t) and male-producing (arrhenogenic; a) females ofChrysomya rufifacies. In another series of experiments prepupal host females of the wild t-type and a-type were each provided with one additional ovary either from a0type (f/f) or a t-type (F′/f) prepupa (neither were distinguishable by their phenotypes). In all these experiments the donor females were marked by the recessive sex-linked mutation ‘white’ (w/w); white eyes, white Malpighian tubules). In a considerable number of cases the implanted ovaries were in contact with the host's own oviduct and grew normally, but the rate of hatched adults was somewhat reduced. Crosses between such host females andw/w males (f/f) produced female or male offspring with white eyes from the eggs of the implantedw/w ovary, as well as flies with wild-type eyes (+/w) which had developed in the host's own ovaries. In all cases so far examined, the genetically thelygenic (or arrhenogenic) host females with an additional ovary implanted from an arrhenogenic (thelygenic) donor, produced progeny of both sexes: sons (daughters) from the eggs of the donor's ovary and daugthers (sons) from the eggs of the host's own gonads.
These results demonstrate that the ovaries of the t-females ofChrysomya rufifacies at least from the early prepupal stage, are autonomous for the product of theF′ gene. Transplantations of the premordial germ cells (pole cells) are planned to find out whether the predeterminingF′ gene product is synthesized before the prepupal stage, by somatic cells outside the ovary or by somatic (follicle) cells of the ovary itself.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson E (1974) Comparative aspects of the ultrastructure of the female gamete. Int Rev Cytol (Suppl.) 4:1–70
Bast RE, Telfer WH (1976) Follicle cell protein synthesis and its contribution to the yolk of theCecropia moth oocyte. Dev Biol 52:83–97
Bauer H (1933) Die wachsenden Oocytenkerne einiger Insekten in ihrem Verhalten zur Nuklealfärbung. Z Zellforsch 18:254–298
Bier K (1963a) Synthese, interzellulärer Transport und Abbau von Ribonucleinsäure im Ovar der StubenfliegeMusca domestica. J Cell Biol 16:436–440
Bier K (1963b) Auloradiographische Untersuchungen über die Leistungen des Follikelepithels und der Nährzellen bei der Dotterbildung und Eiweißsynthese im Fliegenovar. Wilhelm Roux' Arch Entwicklungsmech Org 154:552–575
Bier K, Kunz W, Ribbert, D (1967) Struktur und Funktion der Oocytenchromosomen und Nukleolen sowie der Extra-DNS während der Oogenese panoistischer und meroistischer Insekten. Chromosoma (Berl.) 23:214–254
Breuning S (1957) Entwicklungsgeschichliche Untersuchungen über die Segmentierung der Keimanlage am lebenden Ei vonCalliphora erythrocephala Meig. Zool Jahrb Abt Anat Ontog Tiere 75:551–580
Briggs R, Justus JT (1968) Partial characterization of the component from normal eggs which corrects the maternal effect of geneo in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). J Exp Zool 167:105–115
Chandley AC (1966) Studies on oogenesis inDrosophila melanogaster with3H-thymidine label. Exp Cell Res 44:201–215
Davidson EH (1976) Gene activity in early development, 2nd edn Academic Press, New York, San Francisco, London
Davis C. W. C. (1967) A comparative study of larval embryogenesis in the mosquitoCulex fatigans Wiedemann (Diptera: Culicidae) and the sheep-flyLucilia sericata Meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae). I. Description of embryonic development. Aust J Zool 15:547–579
Fischer A (1977) Autonomy for a specific gene product in oocytes: Experimental evidence in the polychaetous annelid,Platynereis dumerilii, Dev Biol 55:46–58
Holzworth KW, Gottlieb FJ, Spector A (1974) A unique cause of female sterility inDrosophila melanogaster. Wilhelm Roux' Arch Entwicklungsmech Org 174:267–275
Illmensee K (1973) The potentialities of transplanted early gastrula nuclei ofDrosophila melanogaster. Production of their imago descendants by germline transplantation. Wilhelm Roux' Arch Entwicklungsmech Org 171:331–343
King RC, Burnett RG (1959) Autoradiographic study of uptake of tritiated glycine, thymidine and uridine by fruit fly ovaries Science 129:1674–1675
Kühn A, Caspari E, Plagge E (1935) Über hormonale Genwirkungen beiEphestia kühniella. Nachr Ges Wiss Göttingen. Math. Phys Kl Fachgruppe 2:1–29
Kuo C-H, Garen A (1977) Maternal contributions toDrosophila embryogenesis. In: Borek C, Fenoglio CM, King DW (eds) Cancer Biology. IV. Differentiation and Carcinogenesis, New York pp 94–103
Kuo C-H, Garen A (1978) Analysis of the coding activity and stability of messenger RNA inDrosophila oocytes. Dev Biol 67:237–242
Mahowald AP, Tiefert M (1970) Fine structural changes in theDrosophila oocyte nucleus during a short period of RNA synthesis. Wilhelm Roux' Arch Entwicklungsmech Org 165:8–25
Malacinski GM, Brothers AJ (1974) Mutant genes in the Mexican axolotl. Mutant genes ofAmbystoma mexicanum can be used in classical and biochemical analyses of embryogenesis. Science 184:1142–1147
Marsh JL, Deusen EB Van, Wieschaus E, Gehring WJ (1977) Germ line dependence of the deep orange maternal effect inDrosophila. Dev Biol 56:195–199
Marsh JL, Wieschaus E (1977) Germ-line dependence of the maroon-like maternal effect inDrosophila. Dev Biol 60:396–403
Müller C (1977) Ovarentwicklung und Nährzelldifferenzierung bei der monogenen SchmeißfliegeChrysomya rufifacies (Calliphoridae, Diptera). Diplomarbeit Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Würzburg
Ohno S (1979) Major sex-determining genes. In: Gross F, Labhard A, Lipsett MB, Mann T, Samuels LT, Zander J (eds) Monographs on Endocrinology, Vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
Poulson DF, Waterhouse DF (1960) Experimental studies on pole cells and midgut differentiation inDiptera. Aust J Biol Sci 13:541–567
Roy DN, Siddons LB (1939) On the life hsitory and bionomics ofChrysomyia rufifacies Macq (orderDiptera, familyCalliphoridae). Parasitology 31:442–447
Sirlin IL, Jacob I (1960) Cell function in the ovary ofDrosophila. Exp Cell Res 20:283–293
Ullerich F-H (1963) Geschlechtschromosomen und Geschlechtsbestimmung bei einigen Calliphorinen (Calliphoridae, Diptera). Chromosoma (Berl) 14:45–110
Ullerich F-H (1971) Sex-linkage and sex determination in a monogenic blowfly. Naturwissenschaften 58:626
Ullerich F-H (1973) Die genetische Grundlage der Monogenie bei der SchmeißfliegeChrysomya rufifacies (Calliphoridae. Diptera). Molec Gen Genet 125:157–172
Ullerich F-H (1975) Identifizierung der genetischen Geschlechtschromosomen bei der monogenen SchmeißfliegeChrysomya rufifacies (Calliphoridae, Diptera) Chromosoma (Berl) 50:393–419
Ullerich F-H (1977) Production of male and female offspring in the strictly monogenic flyChrysomya rufifacies after ovary transplantation. Naturwissenschaften 64:277
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Dedicated to Professor Dr. Hans Bauer with gratitude in commemoration of his 75th birthday
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ullerich, FH. Analysis of the predetermining effect of a sex realizer by ovary transplantations in the monogenic flyChrysomya rufifacies . Wilhelm Roux' Archiv 188, 37–43 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00848608
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00848608