Abstract
It is often difficult to distinguishin situ material from exotic clasts in rock dredge hauls from deep ocean sites. A study of ice-rafted material in the northeast Atlantic Ocean has been undertaken for which a set of criteria has been established for the identification of glacial erratics. These criteria may be divided into two categories. The first is for criteria based on direct evidence visible on individual clasts, for example, striations and faceting. The second is for inferred evidence drawn from complete dredge hauls, for example, variations in the thickness of manganese coatings.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bates, R. L., and Jackson, J. A. (eds.), 1980. Glossary of Geology, 2nd ed. American Geological Institute, Falls Church, VA, 749 pp.
Murray, J., and Renard, A. F., 1891. Deep-sea deposits. Report of Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, 525 pp.
Furon, R., 1949. Sur des trilobites dragues a 4255m de profondeur par le Talisman (1883). Compte Rendu des Seances, (du 9 Mai 1949) 1er semestre, v. 228, pp. 1509–1510.
Kidd, R. B., and others, 1982. The geology and formation of King’s Trough, Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Marine Geology, v. 47, pp. 1–30.
Harland, W. B., Herod, K. N., and Krinsley, D. H., 1966. The definition and identification of tills and tillites. Earth Science Review, v. 2, pp. 225–256.
Kidd, R. B., and Huggett, Q. J., 1981. Rock debris on abyssal plains in the Northeast Atlantic: A comparison of epibenthic dredge hauls and photographic surveys. Oceanologica Acta, v. 4, pp. 99–102.
Ruddiman, W. F., 1977. Late Quaternary deposition of ice-rafted sand in the sub-polar North Atlantic (lats. 40°N to 65°N). Bulletin Geological Society of America, v. 88, pp. 1813–1827.
Ovenshine, A. T., 1966. Observations of iceberg rafting in Glacier Bay, Alaska, and the identification of ancient ice-rafted deposits. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 81, pp. 891–894.
Heezen, B. C., and Hollister, C. D., 1971. The Face of the Deep. New York, Oxford University Press, 659 pp.
Bender, M. L., Ku, T. L., and Broecker, W. S., 1969. Accumulationrates of manganese in pelagic sediments and nodules. Earth andPlanetary Science Letters, v. 8, pp. 143–148.
Aumento, F., 1969. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 45°N: Fission track and ferro-manganese chronology. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 6, pp. 1413–1440.
Aumento, F., Loncarevic, B. D., and Ross, D. I., 1971. Hudson Geotraverse: Geology of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 45°N. Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society of London, A 268, pp. 623–650.
Emery, K. O., and Tschundy, R. H., 1941. Transportation of rock by kelp. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 52, pp. 855–862.
Menard, H. W., 1953. Pleistocene and Recent sediment from the floor of the North Eastern Pacific Ocean. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 64, pp. 1279–1294.
Jolliffe, I. P., 1978. Littoral and offshore sediment transport. Progress in Physical Geography, v. 2, pp. 264–308.
Emery, K. O., 1963. Organic transportation of marine sediments. In: M. N. Hill (ed.), The Sea, v. 3, New York, Wiley & Sons, pp. 776–789.
Emergy, K. O., 1941. Transportation of rock particles by sea mammals. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 11, pp. 92–93.
Kennett, J. P., 1981. Marine Tephrochronology. In: C. E. Emiliani (ed.), The Sea, v. 7, New York, Wiley & Sons, pp. 1372–1426.
Pitman, W. C., Larson, R. L., and Herron, E. M., 1974. The age of the ocean basins determined from magnetic anomaly lineations. Lamont Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, New York, 2 pp.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huggett, Q.J., Kidd, R.B. Identification of ice-rafted and other exotic material in deep-sea dredge hauls. Geo-Marine Letters 3, 23–29 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02463438
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02463438