Abstract
Inorganic nitrogen metabolism in the obligate anaerobic thermophiles Chlostridium thermosaccharolyticum and Clostridium thermoautotrophicum differs in several respects. C. thermosaccharolyticum contains a nitrogenase as inferred from NH +4 repressible C2H2 reduction, a glutamine synthetase which is partially repressed by ammonium, very labile glutamate synthase activities with both NADH and NADPH, NADPH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, and NH +4 -dependent asparagine synthetase. C. thermoautotrophicum contains no nitrogenase, but glutamine synthetase, no glutamate synthase, no glutamate dehydrogenase, but a NADH-dependent alanine dehydrogenase and a NH +4 -dependent asparagine synthetase.
Abbreviations
- GOGAT:
-
glutamine-oxoglutarate amidotransferase amidotransferase (glutamate synthase)
References
Alef K, Klemme J-H (1977) Characterization of a soluble NADH independent nitrate reductase from the phototrophic Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. Z Naturforsch 32c:954–956
Belay N, Sparling R, Daniels L (1984) Dinitrogen fixation by a thermophilic methanogenic bacterium. Nature 312:286–288
Bogdahn M, Andreesen JR, Kleiner D (1983) Pathways and regulation of N2, ammonium and glutamate assimilation by Clostridium formicoaceticum. Arch Microbiol 134:167–169
Daesch G, Mortenson LE (1972) Effect of ammonia on the synthesis and function of the N2-fixing system in Clostridium pasteurianum. J Bacteriol 110:103–109
Dainty RH (1972) Glutamate biosynthesis in Clostridium pasteurianum and its significance in nitrogen metabolism. Biochem J 126:1055–1056
Fawcett JW, Scott JE (1960) A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Path 13:156–159
Goa J (1953) A microbiuret method for protein determination. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 5:218–222
Gottschalk G, Andreesen JR, Hippe H (1981) The genus Clostridium. Nonmedical aspects. In: Starr MP, Stolp H, Trüper HG, Balows A, Schlegel HG (eds) The prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 1767–1803
Herbert RA, Siefert E, Pfennig N (1978) Nitrogen assimilation in Rhodopseudomonas acidophila. Arch Microbiol 119:1–5
Kleiner D (1979) Regulation of ammonium uptake and metabolism by nitrogen fixing bacteria. III. Clostridium pasteurianum. Arch Microbiol 120:263–270
Kleiner D (1982) Ammonium (methylammonium) transport by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biochim Biophys Acta 688:702–708
Kleiner D (1985) Bacterial ammonium transport. FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:87–100
Nagatani H, Shimizu M, Valentine RC (1971) The mechanism of ammonia assimilation in nitrogen fixing bacteria. Arch Mikrobiol 79:164–175
Tsai LB (1981) Studies of a thermophilic nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium, isolated from Hot spring, Hot Springs National Park of Arkansas, USA. In: Gibson RH, Newton WE (eds) Current perspectives in nitrogen fixation. Australian Academy of Sciences, Canberra, p 454
Wiegel J, Braun M, Gottschalk G (1981) Clostridium thermoautotrophicum species novum, a thermophile producing acetate from molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Curr Microbiol 5:255–260
Wolin FA, Wolfe RS, Wolin MJ (1964) Viologen dye inhibition of methane formation by Methanobacillus omelianskii. J Bacteriol 87:993–998
Zehnder AJB, Wuhrmann K (1976) Titanium-III-citrate as a nontoxic oxidation-reduction buffering system for the culture of obligate anaerobes. Science 194:1165–1166
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bogdahn, M., Kleiner, D. N2 fixation and NH +4 assimilation in the thermophilic anaerobes Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum and Clostridium thermoautotrophicum . Arch. Microbiol. 144, 102–104 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00454964
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00454964