Skip to main content
Log in

Measurement and modeling of Western Washington precipitation chemistry

  • Published:
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Precipitation was collected and chemically analyzed for a 1 yr period at four sites in Western Washington. Spatial and seasonal variabilities in concentrations were identified with the highest concentrations nearest emission sources and in the summer. Multiple correlations among measured species revealed five groupings which were interpreted as the influences of seasalt, metals from a Cu smelter, an urban factor, soil, and acidic sulfate aerosol. A simple washout model predicted that the Cu smelter was the major contributor to a budget for rainwater sulfate. Measurement uncertainties were estimated for each analyte.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Carpenter, R., Peterson, M. L., and Jahnke, R. A.: 1978, Sources, Sinks, and Cycling of Arsenic in the Puget Sound Region, in Estuarine Interactions, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charlson, R. J., Covert, D. S., and Vong, R. J.: 1984, ‘Factors Controlling Mid-latitude, Marine Aerosol and Rainwater Composition’, Presented at Amer. Geophys. Union Meeting, San Francisco, CA.

  • Charlson, R. J. and Rodhe, H.: 1982, Nature 295, 683.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crecelius, E. A.:1974, ‘The Geochemistry of Arsenic and Antimony in Puget Sound and in Lake Washington’, PhD Thesis, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feeley, H. W. and Larsen, R. J.: 1981, ‘The Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Deposition’, E. P. Hardy (ed.), U.S. Dept. of Energy, EML-390 (App.), New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, T. D. and Ludwick J. D.: 1976, Atmos. Environ. 10, 799.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galloway, J. N., Likens, G. E., Keene, W. C., and Miller, J. M.: 1982, J. Geophy. Res. 87, 8871.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gatz, D. F.: 1983, ‘Source Apportionment of Rain Water Impurities in Central Illinois’, presented at the 76th annual Air Pollution Control Assoc. Meeting, Atlanta, GA.

  • Hansson, H. C., Martinsson, B. G., and Lannefors, H. O.: 1984, accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods.

  • Hutcheson, M. and Hall, F.,: 1974, Atmos. Environ. 8, 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, E., Wold, S., and Sjodin, K.: 1984, Anal. Chem. 56, 1685.

    Google Scholar 

  • Junge, C. E.: 1963, Air Chemistry and Radioactivity, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knudson, E. J., Deuwer, D. L., Christian, G. D., and Larson, T. V.: 1977, ‘Application of Factor Analysis to the Study of Rain Chemistry in the Puget Sound Region’, in B. R. Kowalski, (ed.), Chemometrics, Theory and Application, ACS Symposium Series 52, Washington, D.C.

  • Larson, T. V., Charlson, R. J., Knudson, E. J., Christian, G. D., and Harrison, H.: 1975, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 4, 319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Logan, R. M., Derby, J. C., and Duncan, L. C.: 1982, Environ. Sci. Tech. 16, 771.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nic, N. Bent, D. H., and Hull, C. H.: 1975, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, McGraw-Hill, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Overland, J. E. and Walter, B. A.: 1983, ‘Marine Weather of the Inland Waters of Western Washington’, NOAA, ERL-PMEL-44, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peden, M. E. and Skowron, L. E.: 1978, Atmos. Environ. 12, 2343.

    Google Scholar 

  • PSAPCA: 1982, Emission Inventory for the Puget Sound Air Pollution Control Agency, Seattle, WA.

  • PSAPCA: 1983, Surface Wind Data at 26th and Pearl in Tacoma, WA., at Maury Island, at Federal Way and at 98th and Stone Way in Seattle, WA.

  • Rancitelli, L. A. and Perkins, R. W.: 1970, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 3055.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner, T. M., Rancitelli, L. A., and Haller, W. A.: 1972, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 1, 132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Topol, L. E., Colovos, G., and Schwall, R.: 1982, ‘Precision of Precipitation Chemistry Measurements’, Proceedings f APCA Specialty Conference on Acid Precipitation, Detroit, MI.

  • Vong, R. J.: 1982, ‘Puget Sound Transport Winds with Application to Sulfate Wet Deposition’, MSE Thesis, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vong, R. J., and Charlson, R. J.: 1985, ‘The Equilibrium pH of a Cloud or Rain Drop: A Computer Based Solution for a Six Component System’, J. Chem. Educ. 62, 2, 141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vong, R. J. and Waggoner, A. P.: 1983, ‘Measurements of the Chemical Composition of Western Washington Rainwater, 1982-83’, report to USEPA Region 10, EPA 910/9-83-105, Seattle, WA.

  • Vong, R. J., Frank, I. E., Charlson, R. J., and Kowalski, B. R.: 1984, ‘Exploratory Data Analysis of Rainwater Composition’, ACS Abstracts, presented at the 188th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Philadelphia, PA.

  • Yanish, H.: 1983 ‘Preliminary Data for Hoh River’, Olympic National Park, operator for NADP Precipitation Monitoring Station, written communication.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vong, R.J., Larson, T.V., Covert, D.S. et al. Measurement and modeling of Western Washington precipitation chemistry. Water Air Soil Pollut 26, 71–84 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00299490

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00299490

Keywords

Navigation