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The comet Halley dust and gas environment

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Abstract

Quantitative descriptions of environments near the nucleus of comet P/Halley have been developed to support spacecraft and mission design for the flyby encounters in March, 1986. To summarize these models as they exist just before the encounters, we review the relevant data from prior Halley apparitions and from recent cometary research. Orbital elements, visual magnitudes, and parameter values and analysis for the nucleus, gas and dust are combined to predict Halley's position, production rates, gas and dust distributions, and electromagnetic radiation field for the current perihelion passage. The predicted numerical results have been useful for estimating likely spacecraft effects, such as impact damage and attitude perturbation. Sample applications are cited, including design of a dust shield for spacecraft structure, and threshold and dynamic range selection for flight experiments. We expect that the comet's activity may be more irregular than these smoothly varying models predict, and that comparison with the flyby data will be instructive.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 91109, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.

    Neil Divine, M. S. Hanner, Ray L. Newburn Jr., Z. Sekanina & D. K. Yeomans

  2. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D-6900, Heidelberg, F.R.G.

    H. Fechtig

  3. Space Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.

    T. I. Gombosi

  4. Central Research Institute for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary

    T. I. Gombosi

  5. Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie, D-3411, Katlenburg-Lindau, F.R.G.

    H. U. Keller

  6. Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A.

    S. M. Larson

  7. Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Department, University of California at San Diego, 92093, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.

    D. A. Mendis

  8. Space Science Department, European Space Research and Technology Centre, 2200, AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands

    R. Reinhard

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Divine, N., Fechtig, H., Gombosi, T.I. et al. The comet Halley dust and gas environment. Space Sci Rev 43, 1–104 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00175326

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