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Variability of traits associated with phosphorus efficiency in wild and cultivated genotypes of common bean

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Abstract

Genetic variation in plant growth under limited phosphorus (P) supply is necessary to obtain more productive cultivars on low P-available soils. Two pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the variability of some traits associated with efficiency of P absorption and utilization in wild and cultivated genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under biological N2 fixation. At two P levels (20 and 80 mg P kg-1 soil, P1 and P2, respectively), 20 wild and 6 cultivated genotypes were grown in Experiment 1, and 4 wild and 27 cultivated genotypes were grown in Experiment 2. Plants were harvested at flowering, but in Experiment 1 wild accessions that did not flower were harvested at the beginning of leaf senescence. In Experiment 1, part of the genotypic variability of wild accessions was attributed to a less homogeneous ontogenetic stage at harvest, whereas in Experiment 2 some variation in biomass production was due to distinct phenologies of cultivated genotypes. Wild lines did not seem more tolerant to low P conditions, but the genotypic variation observed suggests these materials as a source of genetic diversity. Part of the variation in the root area and root efficiency ratio (total P content:root area) was compensatory, resulting in narrow genotypic differences in the total P content. The total P content and root efficiency ratio presented a wider amplitude of variation at P2 than at P1, and P uptake was more influenced by P supply than root production. Since the genotype × P level interaction was not significant for shoot biomass and shoot P concentration in Experiment 2, P utilization efficiency may be a useful selection criterion for cultivars between limited and adequate P supply. Within the sample of genetic diversity evaluated herein, there was large genotypic variability for traits related to P efficiency among wild and cultivated genotypes of common bean.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    A.P. Araújo & D.L. de Almeida

  2. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Agrobiologia – EMBRAPA, 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    M.G. Teixeira

Authors
  1. A.P. Araújo
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  2. M.G. Teixeira
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  3. D.L. de Almeida
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Araújo, A., Teixeira, M. & de Almeida, D. Variability of traits associated with phosphorus efficiency in wild and cultivated genotypes of common bean. Plant and Soil 203, 173–182 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004398930218

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