Abstract
Transport of solutes across the peritoneal membrane in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is determined by patient-related factors (concentration gradient, membrane surface area, blood flow and membrane permeability) and by drug-related factors (charge on the molecule, protein binding, molecular weight, lipophilicity). On the basis of the chemical properties of a drug a prediction of the peritoneal clearance rate in CAPD patients is given, by the formulaCL capd = 75√free fraction/molecular weight. The implications of this formula are discussed. It is concluded that usually it is not necessary to change the dose as compared with end-stage renal disease patients who are not treated with CAPD.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Warrick C. An improvement in the practice of tapping, by which that operation instead of a relief for symptoms becomes an absolute cure for an acites. Philos Trans R Soc Lond [Biol] 1744–45;5:43.
Ganter G. Über die Beseitigung giftiger Stoffe aus dem Blute durch Dialyse. Münch Med Wochenschr 1923;70:1478–80.
Odel HM, Ferris DO, Power MH. Peritoneal lavage as an effective means of extra renal excretion. Am J Med 1950;9:63–77.
Popovich RP, Moncrief JW, Decherd JF, et al. The definition of a novel portable/wearable equilibrium peritoneal dialysis technique [Abstract]. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1976;5:64.
Popovich RP, Moncrief JW, Nolph KD, et al. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Ann Intern Med 1978;88:449–56.
Wing AJ, Broyer M, Brunner FP, et al. Combined report on regular dialysis and transplantation in Europe XIII, 1982. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 1983;20:5–67.
Drukker W. Peritoneal dialysis, a historical review. In: Drukker W, Parsons MF, Maher JF, eds. Replacement of renal function by dialysis. 2nd ed. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1983:410–39.
Boen ST. History of peritoneal dialysis. In: Nolph KD, ed. Peritoneal Dialysis. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1985:1–22.
Chan MK, Chuah P, Raftery MJ, et al. Three years experience of CAPD. Lancet 1981;1:1409–12.
Nolph KD, Prowant B, Sorking MI, Gloor H. The incidence and characteristics of peritonitis in the 4th year of a CAPD program. Peritoneal Dial Bull 1981;1:50–3.
Maher JF. Transport kinetics in peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal Dial Bull 1982;2:S4–6.
Somani P, Shapiro RS, Stochard H, Higgins JT. Unidirectional absorption of gentamicin from the peritoneum during CAPD. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1982;32:113–21.
Maher JF. Peritoneal transport rates: mechanisms, limitations and methods for augmentation. Kidney Int 1980;18:S117–20.
Selgas R, Camona AR, Martinez ME, et al. Peritoneal vascular reserve characterization through nitroprussideinduced modification of peritoneal mass transfer coefficients. Int J Artif Organs 1985;8:181–6.
Rubin J, Adair C, Barnes T, Bower JD. Augmentation of peritoneal clearance by dipyridamole. Kidney Int 1982;22:658–61.
Breborowicz A, Knapowski J. Local anaesthetic-bupivacaine increases the peritoneal transport of solutes. Peritoneal Dial Bull 1984;4:221–3, 224–8.
Janknegt R, Koks CH. Pharmacokinetic aspects during CAPD. A literature review. Pharm Weekbl [Sci] 1984;6:229–36.
Mclntosh ME, Smith WG, Junor BJ, Forrest G, Brodie MJ. Increased peritoneal permeability in patients with peritonitis undergoing CAPD. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1985;28:187–91.
Lameire N. Het gebruik van aminoglycosiden bij patiënten met chronische nierinsufficiëntie en hemoof peritoneaal dialyse. [The use of aminoglycosides in patients with chronic renal failure and haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.] Ziekenhuisfarmacie (in press).
Janknegt R, Nube MJ. A simple method for predicting CAPD drug clearances during CAPD. Peritoneal Dial Bull 1985;5:254–5.
Heim K, Halsteinson C, Comty C, et al. Pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime during CAPD. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1984;18:504.
Johnson CA, Welling PG, Zimmerman SW. Pharmacokinetics of oral cephradine in CAPD patients. Nephron 1984;38:57–61.
Guay DR, Meaterall RC, Baxter H, et al. Pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in patients undergoing CAPD. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1984;25:306–10.
Janknegt R, Koks CHW, Nube MJ. Stability of antibiotics in CAPD fluid. Peritoneal Dial Bull 1985;5:78–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Janknegt, R., Koelman, J.H.T.M. Drug therapy in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scientific Edition 9, 104–109 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01960744
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01960744