Abstract
Conventional as well as modified nitrogen sources and application methods were evaluated under rainfed lowland conditions in heavy clay soils of Bihar, India for 4 years. Modified nitrogen sources, viz. sulfur-coated urea (SCU) and urea super-granules (USG) were tested against prilled urea (PU) under four levels of N (0, 29, 58 and 87 kg N/ha) in the wet season. A high yielding nonphotoperiod sensitive, long duration variety ‘Pankaj’ was grown in all the four years.
Point placement of USG and basal incorporation of SCU resulted in significantly higher panicle numbers per square meter, 100 grain weight and grain yield at all the levels of N tested. The unfilled grain percentage was lower in USG and SCU treatments.
Regression analysis using a multifertilizer response model (MRM) showed that rice responded significantly to PU in three years out of four years, to SCU in four years and USG in three years.
Economic analysis viz. input and output analysis based on the price of fertilizer (1 kg N as PU at $0.5; USG and SCU costing 10% more than PU), rough rice (ranging from 18.0 to 20.0 $ per ton) and labour wages at 1.0 $ per man day unit, also showed that USG and SCU are more input efficient than PU.
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Roy, B. Coated and modified urea materials for increasing nitrogen use efficiency of lowland rice in heavy clay soils. Fertilizer Research 15, 101–109 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01050672
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01050672