Summary
Despite the growing industrialization, technification and transformation that is happening in the agriculture around the world, and despite that agricultural research has always concentrated its effort on sole crops, multiple cropping systems have historically been important for common bean production in tropical countries. The reasons for this fact, are economical and social, as well as biological. Bean breeders have always been questioned on their work, because the development of new varieties is usually done in sole crop, but the varieties are grown in either systems. This paper addresses a set of questions that are usually presented to the breeders, in light of the evidence obtained from many trials conducted in Brazil and in the U.S.A.: Will the genotypes bred for sole crop conditions, perform well when grown in intercrop; How different should a genotype be, for cultivation in intercropping compared to genotypes developed for sole crop conditions; Is there a need for special breeding programs for intercropping and How could a breeding program focus the question of multiple (associated) cropping?
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andrews D.J. & A.H. Kassam, 1976. The importance of multiple cropping in increasing world food supplies. In: I.R. Papendick, P.A. Sanchez & G.B. Triplett (Eds), Multiple Cropping, pp 1–11. A.S.A. Special Publ 27, Amer Soc Agron, Madison, WI, USA.
Austin M.N. & J.N. Marais, 1987. Methods of presenting intercroping results and preliminary results with Zea mays and Phaseolus vulgaris. S Afr J Plant Soil 4 (1): 1–6.
Antunes, I.F. & M.G. Teixeira, 1982. Produtividade de genotipos de feijão em monocultivo e no cultivo associado com milho nas épocas das águas e da seca em Goiânia, GO. EMBRAPA. Anais 1 RENAFE. 83–88.
Chagas J.M. & A.R.L. Aquino, 1981. Yield of climbing bean cultivars under two cropping systems. Ann Rep Bean Improv Coop 24: 56–57.
Davis J.H.C. & S. Garcia, 1983. Competitive ability and growth habit of indeterminate beans and maize for intercropping. Field Crops Res 6: 59–75.
Davis J.H.C. & J.N. Woolley, 1993. Genotypic requirement for intercropping. Field Crops Res 34: 407–430.
Francis C.A., M. Prager, D.R. Laing & C.A. Flor, 1978a. Genotype x environment interactions in bush bean cultivars in monoculture and associated with maize. Crop Sci 18: 237–242.
Francis C.A., M. Prager & D.R. Laing, 1978b. Genotype x environment interactions in climbing bean cultivars in monoculture and associated with maize. Crop Sci 18: 242–246.
Furtado M.R., A.A. Cardoso, C.D. Cruz, C. Vieira & L.A. Pedernelli, 1992. Linhagens de feijão obtidas no monocultivo e no consórcio com a cultura do milho e seu comportamento nesses sistemas de cultivo. Revista Ceres. U.F.V. Brazil 223: 276–289.
Fyfe J.L. & H.H. Rogers, 1965. Effects of varying variety and spacing on yields and composition of mixtures of lucerne and tall fescue. J Agr Sci (Cambridge) 64: 351–359.
Geraldi, I.O., 1983. Método de Análise Estatística para Combinação de Cultivares em Consórcio. Dr Thesis, ESALQ, USP, Piracicaba SP, Brazil. 120 pp.
Guazzelli, R.J., 1975. Competição Intergenotípica em Feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): Estimação da Capacidade Competitiva. M Sc Thesis, ESALQ, USP Piracicaba, SP, Brazil 62 pp.
Guazzelli, R.J., 1976. Competição Intergenotípica em Feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): Estimação de Parâmetros Genéticos. Dr Thesis, ESALQ, USP Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. 88 pp.
Guazzelli R.J. & J. Kluthcouski, 1988. Avliação de Germoplasma de Feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) para o Consórcio Simultâneo com Milho. EMBRAPA-CNPAF. Comunicado Técnico 21F, 19 pp.
Hamblin J., J.G. Rowell & R. Redden, 1976. Selection for mixed cropping. Euphytica 25: 97–106.
Hamblin J. & M.J.O. Zimmermann, 1986. Breeding common bean for yield in mixtures. In: J. Janick (Ed.) Plant Breeding Reviews 4: 245–272. AVI Publ Co Westport, Conn.
Harper J.L., 1967. A Darwinian approach to plant ecology. J Ecol 55: 247–270.
Mahajan V., M. Singh, B.K. Sharma & C.S. Patel, 1990. Identification of characters to breed varieties of maize for intercropping with dry bean. Crop Improv 17 (2): 150–154.
Paniagua, C.V., 1977. Identification and stability analysis of traits important to yield of beans in associated culture. PhD Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. 76 pp.
Ramalho, M.A.P., A.C. Oliveira & J.C. Garcia, 1983. Recomendações para o Planejamento e Análise de Experimentos com as Culturas de Milho e Feijão Consorciadas. EMBRAPA-CNPMS. Documentos 2. 74 pp.
Roman A. & R. Martinez, 1988. Metodologia para evaluar progenies F5 a partir de selecciones individuales F4 de fríjol voluble en el sistema de relevo con maíz. Agronomia Colombiana, V: 8–16.
Santa-Cecilia F.C.S. & M.A.P. Ramalho, 1982. Comportamento de cultivares de feijão em monocultivo e em associação com milho. Ciência e Prática 6: 45–54.
Serpa, J.E.S. & A.C. Barreto, 1982. Competição de cultivares de feijão em consorciação com o milho nas micro regioes homogêneas 123 e 130 do estado do Sergipe. EMBRAPA-UEPAE Aracaju. Pesquisa em Andamento n. 6. 6 pp.
Vieira, R.F. & H. Aidar, 1984. Avaliação de cultivares e linhagens de feijão em consórcio com o milho e em monocultivo. EMBRAPA-CNPAF Pesquisa em Andamento n 51. 7 pp.
Vieira R.F. & J.A.O. Ramos, 1992. Avaliação de cultivares de Feijão no Consórcio com Milho em Goianira, Goiás. Revista Ceres 39: 491–506.
Zimmermann M.J.O., A.A. Rosielle & J.G. Waines, 1984a. Heritabilities of grain yield of common bean in sole crop and in intercrop with maize. Crop Sci 24: 641–644.
Zimmermann M.J.O., A.A. Rosielle, J.G. Waines & K.W. Foster, 1984b. A heritability and correlation study of grain yield, yield components and harvest index of common bean in sole crop and intercrop. Field Crops Res 9: 109–118.
Zimmermann M.J.O., A.A. Rosielle, K.W. Foster & J.G. Waines, 1985. Gene action for grain yield and harvest index of common bean grown in sole crop and intercrop with maize. Field Crops Res 12: 319–329.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
de Oliveira Zimmermann, M.J. Breeding for yield, in mixtures of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). Euphytica 92, 129–134 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00022837
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00022837