Abstract
We report on eight X-ray bursts detected by ASTRON from the Rapid Burster (RB) on 13 and 28 April and 16 August, 1983. Six of them (trailing bursts), with durations of 1.5–2 min, rise times of 5–10 s and intervals of 1–1.5 hours, exhibit spectral softening during the burst decay and may be related to the type I bursts. Two of the bursts (triangle bursts) observed on 28 April at interval of ∼28 min with much longer rise times (30–50 s) and longer durations (≃3 min), do not show distinct spectral softening. Persistent flux from RB on 16 August was estimated asF p≃(2.0–2.4)×10−9 erg cm−2 s−1. Spectral evolution of two trailing bursts was investigated by fitting their spectra in consecutive time intervals with the blackbody (BB), isothermal scattering photosphere (SP) and thermal bremsstrahlung (TB) models. Around the burst maxima the SP model fits the data best whereas in the burst tails the TB model is generally better. The BB model is worse than at least one of the two others. Interpretation of the burst spectra in terms of the BB radiation leads to improbably small neutron star mass and radius (M<0.86M ⊙,R NS<5 km) if the peak luminosity does not exceed the Eddington limit. Interpretation of the spectra around the burst maxima (3–15 s from the burst onset) in terms of an isothermal SP yields reasonable constraints onM,R NS, and distanceD. For instance, for the hydrogen photosphere we obtainedM=(1.0–2.1)M ⊙ R NS=(7.1–16.4) km ifD=11 kpc. If one postulatesM=1.4M ⊙, thenD=(8.5–13) kpc for hydrogen photosphere; if, besides,D=11 kpc, thenR NS=(8.1–13.3) km. It follows also from the SP-interpretation that the photosphere radius may increase up to 20–30 km in maxima of the trailing bursts when the luminosity becomes close to the Eddington luminosity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arnett, W. D. and Bowers, R. L.: 1977,Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 33, 415.
Baan, W. A.: 1977,Astrophys. J. 214, 245.
Baan, W. A.: 1979,Astrophys. J. 227, 987.
Barr, P., White, N. E., Haberl, F., Stella, L., Pollard, G., Gottwald, M., and Parmar, A. N.: 1987,Astron. Astrophys. 176, 69.
Baym, G. and Pethic, C.: 1979,Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 17, 415.
Brown, R. L. and Gould, R. J.: 1970,Phys. Rev.,D1, 2252.
Ebisuzaki, T.: 1987,Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 39, 287.
Ergma, E. V.: 1983, in R. A. Sunyaev (ed.),Soviet Sci. Reviews, Astrophysics and Space Physics, Vol. 2, p. 163.
Fujimoto, M. Y.: 1985,Astrophys. J. 293, L13.
Fujimoto, M. Y. and Gottwald, M.: 1989, EXOSAT Preprint, No. 68.
Goldman, I.: 1979,Astron. Astrophys. 78, L15.
Golinskaya, I. M., Diachkov, A. B., Kurt, V. G., Miziakina, T. A., Smirnov, A. S., Shamolin, V. M., Shafer, E. Yu., and Sheffer, E. K. 1984,Adv. Space Res. 3, 539.
Hanawa, T., Hirotani, K., and Kawai, N.: 1989,Astrophys. J. 336, 920.
Hoshi, R.: 1981,Astrophys. J. 247, 628.
Inoue, H., Waki, I., Koyama, K., Matsuoka, M., Ohashi, T., Tanaka, Y., and Tsunami, H.: 1984,Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 36, 831.
Kaminker, A. D., Pavlov, G. G., and Shibanov, Yu. A.: 1983,Astrophys Space Sci. 91, 167.
Kaminker, A. D., Pavlov, G. G., Shibanov, Yu. A., Kurt, V. G., Smirnov, A. S., Shamolin, V. M., Kopaeva, I. F., and Sheffer, E. K.: 1987, Preprint A. F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Inst., No. 1133.
Kaminker, A. D., Pavlov, G. G., and Shibanov, Yu. A.: 1988,Astron. Zh. 65, 753.
Kaminker, A. D., Pavlov, G.G., Shibanov, Yu. A., Kurt, V. G., Smirnov, A. S., Shamolin, V. M., Kopaeva, I. F., and Sheffer, E. K.: 1989,Astron. Astrophys. 220, 117.
Kunieda, H. Tawara, Y., Hayakawa, S., Masai, K., Nagase, F., Inoue, H., Koyama, K., Makino, F., Makishima, K., Matsuoka, M., Murakami, T., Oda, M., Ogawara, Y., Ohashi, T., Shibazaki, N., Tanaka, Y., Kondo, I., Miyamoto, S., Tsunemi, H., and Yamashita, K.: 1984a,Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 36, 215.
Kunieda, H., Tawara, Y., Hayakawa, S., Nagase, F., Inoue, H., Kawai N., Makino, F., Makishima, K., Matsuoka, M., Murakami, T., Oda, M., Ogawara Y., Ohashi, T., and Waki, I.: 1984b,Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 36, 807.
Lamb, F. K., Fabian, A. C., Pringle, J.E., and Lamb, D. Q.: 1977,Astrophys. J. 217, 197.
Lapidus, I. I. and Sunyaev, R. A.: 1985,Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 217, 219.
Lapidus, I. I., Sunyaev, R. A., and Titarchuk, L. G.: 1986,Pis'ma Astron. Zh. 12, 918.
Lewin, W. H. G., Doty, J., Clark, G. W., Rappaport, S. A., Bradt, H. V. D., Doxsey, R., Hearn, D. R., Hoffman, J.A., Jernigan, J. G., Li, F. K., Mayer, W., Mclintock, J., Primini, F., and Richardson, J.: 1976,Astrophys. J. 207, L95.
Lewin, W. H. G. and Joss, P. C.: 1983, in W. H. G. Lewin and E. P. J. van den Heuvel (eds.),Accretion Driven Stellar X-ray Sources, p. 41, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Lindblom, L.: 1984,Astrophys. J. 278, 364.
London, R. A., Taam, R. E., and Howard, W. M.: 1986,Astrophys. J. 306, 170.
Marshall, H. L.: 1982,Astrophys. J. 260, 815.
Marshall, H. L., Ulmer, M. P., Hoffman, J. A., Doty, J., and Lewin, W. H. G.: 1979,Astrophys. J. 227, 555.
Maxwell, O. and Weise, W.: 1976,Phys. Letters 62B, 159.
Michel, F. C.: 1977,Astrophys. J. 216, 838.
Pandharipande, V. R. and Smith, R. A.: 1975,Nucl. Phys. A237, 507.
Stella, L., Parmar, A. N., and White, N. E.: 1985,IAU Circ., No. 4102.
Stella, L., Haberl, F., Lewin, W. H. G., Parmar, A. N., van Paradijs, J., and White, N. E.: 1988,Astrophys. J. 324, 379.
Sunyaev, R. A. and Titarchuk, L. G.: 1986,Pis'ma Astron. Zh. 12, 857.
Tawara, Y., Hayakawa, S., Kunieda, H., Makino, F., and Nagase F.: 1982,Nature 299, 38.
van Paradijs, J.: 1978,Nature 274, 650.
van Paradijs, J.: 1979,Astrophys. J. 234, 609.
van Paradijs, J.: 1981,Astron. Astrophys. 101, 174.
Waki, I., Inoue, H., Koyama, K., Matsuoka, M., Murakami, T., Ogawara, Y., Ohashi, T., Tanaka, Y., Hayakawa, S., Tawara, Y., Miyamoto, S., Tsunemi, H., and Kondo, I.: 1984,Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 36, 819.
Zavlin, V. E. and Shibanov, Yu. A.: 1989,Astron. Zh. 66, 983.
Zeldovich, Ya. B. and Shakura, N. I.: 1969,Astron. Zh. 46, 225.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaminker, A.D., Pavlov, G.G., Shibanov, Y.A. et al. Astron observations of the Rapid Burster MXB 1730-335 and constraints on burster parameters from spectra of trailing bursts. Astrophys Space Sci 173, 171–189 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00643929
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00643929