Abstract
The results of a radiochemical investigation of nuclear fission in uranium, thorium, and bismuth by protons with an energy of 680 Mev are presented. Using an interpolation method a complete chart of the fission residue products is obtained. It is noted that there is a predominance in the production of nuclei with excess neutrons (58–64%); it is also shown that isotopes with maximum yield lie mainly in the neutron-ex cess region. The probability for symmetric fission is largest in bismuth. The cross sections for fission in uranium and thorium are 55–60% of the geometric cross section; in bismuth it is 5%. The charge distribution of fragments in fission induced by high energy protons is constant and independent of the mass number of the fission fragments and the atomic number of the fissioning nucleus. An analysis of the main features of the fission process seems to indicate that fission in uranium and thorium is due to a combined barrier-emission mechanism.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
E. Kelly and C. Wiegand, Phys. Rev. 73, 1135 (1948).
V. Goldansky, E. Tarumov, and V. Penkina, Proc. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 101, 1027 (1955); J. Exptl-Theoret. Phys. (U.S.S.R.). 29, 778 (1955).
V. Dzhelepov, Doctoral Dissertation, Inst. Nuc. Prob. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. (1954).
N. Perfilov, N. Ivanova, O. Lozhkin, V. Ostroumov and V. Shamov, Conferenceon Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Acad. Sci U.S.S.R., Div. Chem. Sci. (1955) p. 79.
N. Perfilov and V. Ostroumov, Proc. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 103, 227 (1955).
O. Lozhkin, N. Perfilov, and V. Shamov, Proc. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 103, 407(1955).
V. Ostroumov, Proc. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 103, 403(1955).
G. Seaborg, B. Cuningham, and H. Hopkins, Phys. Rev. 72, 740 (1947).
P. O'Connor and G. Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 74, 1189 (1948).
R. Wolfe and W. Ballon, Phys. Rev. 75, 527 (1949).
R. Folger, P. Stevenson, and G. Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 98, 107 (1955).
A. Newton, Phys. Rev. 75, 17 (1949).
R. Goeckermann and I. Perlman, Phys. Rev. 73, 1127 (1948); 76, 628 (1949).
A. Murin, B. Preobrazhensky, I. Yutlandov, and M. Yakimov, Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R., Div. Chem. Sci. (1955), p. 160.
A. Vinogradov, et al., Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Acad, Sci. U.S.S.R., Div. Chem. Sci. (1955), p. 97.
A. Lavrukhina, Doctoral Dissertation, Geochem. Inst., Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. (1955).
F. Pavlotskaya and A. Lavrukhina, J. Atomic Energy 1956, No. 5, 115 (T.p.791).
L. Glendenin, C. Coryell, and R. Edwards, Radiochemical Studies; the Fission Products 1, No. 4, 489 (1951).
A. Pappas, “The distribution of nuclear charge in low energy fission,” Report 881 presented by Norwegian delegation to International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Gerreva, 1955.
P. Kruger and N. Sugarman, Phys. Rev. 99, 1459 (1955).
L. Marquez, Nuovo cimento 12, 1 (1954).
V. Shamov, Proc. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 103, 593 (1955).
E. Douthett and D. Templeton, Phys. Rev. 94, 128 (1954).
Y. Yamaguchi and Y. Fyjimoto, Progr. Theoret. Phys. (Japan) 5, 787 (1950).
K. Le Couteur, Proc. Roy. Soc. A 63, 259 (1950); A 65, 718 (1952).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lavrukhina, A.K., Krasavina, L.D. Nuclear fission in heavy elements by high-energy particles. The Soviet Journal of Atomic Energy 2, 27–35 (1957). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01480703
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01480703