Skip to main content
Log in

Developments in the design and use of liquid-metal strain gages

  • Published:
Experimental Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The design, construction and use of liquidmercury strain gages are described. Gage-fabrication techniques and associated circuitry are discussed. A theoretical description of gage operation is also presented. Application of the liquid-mercury strain gage to the study of cruciate-kneeligament deformation is described.In vitro measurements on canine stifle joints and human-cadaver knees are presented.In vivo measurements on canines are also given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Whitney, R.J., “The Measurement of Changes in Human Limb-Volume by Means of a Mercury-in-Rubber Strain Gauge,” Proc. Phys. Soc. (March 26, 1949).

  2. Whitney, R.J., “The Measurement of Volume Changes in Human Limbs,”J. Physiol.,121,1–27 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hurry, J.A. and Wooley, R.P., “A New High Range Strain Gage,” Rubber Age (Sept. 1953).

  4. Rasterelli, L.V., Anderson, E.L., and Michie, J.D., U.S. 3,304,528 (Feb. 14, 1967).

  5. Gregory, R.K., Rastrelli, L.V. and Minor, J.E., “Tire Structural Design Improvement,” Southwest Res. Instit. ASD-TR-68-12 (1968).

  6. Janssen, M.L. and Walter, J.D., “Rubber Strain Measurements in Bias, Belted-Bias and Radial Ply Tires,” J. of Coated Fibrous Materials,1 (1971).

  7. Patel, H.P., Turner, J.L. andWalter, J.D., “Radial Tire Cord-Rubber Composites,”Rubber Chemistry and Tech.,49,1095–1110 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kennedy, J.C., Hawkins, R.J. andWillis, R.B., “Strain Gage Analysis of Knee Ligaments,”Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, (129),225 (Dec. 1977).

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Koogle, T.A., Piziali, R.L., Nagel, D.A. and Perkash, I., “A Motion Transducer for Use in the Intact In Vitro Human Lumbar Spine,” J. Biomechanics,99.

  10. “Tygon Tubing,” Bul. T-104, Norton Plastics and Synthetics Division, Akron, OH.

  11. Stone, J.E., “Developments in the Design, Construction and Use of Liquid Mercury Strain Gages,” M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Mech. Engrg., Auburn Univ. (1979).

  12. Dally, J.W. andRiley, W.F., Experimental Stress Analysis, McGraw-Hill Co., New York (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  13. American Institute of Physics Handbook, McGraw Hill Co., 3rd ed., New York (1972).

  14. Sokolnikoff, I.S., Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, McGraw-Hill Co., 2nd ed., New York (1956).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

J.E. Stone, formerly Research Assistant and Graduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, is now Engineer, Michelin Americas Research and Development Corp., Greenville, SC.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stone, J.E., Madsen, N.H., Milton, J.L. et al. Developments in the design and use of liquid-metal strain gages. Experimental Mechanics 23, 129–139 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02320400

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02320400

Keywords

Navigation