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Social Behaviour during nest-moving in the antMyrmica rubra L. (Hym. Form.)

Etude du comportement social lors du déménagement chez la fourmi Myrmicarubra L. (Hym. Form.)

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Summary

The colony-moving ofMyrmica rubra L. was induced in he laboratory by worsening the microclimate of the nest.

A detailed analysis of the whole process is given; it is based both on observation and on traffic measurements between the old and the new nests. Three periods can be recognized: exploration, emigration, and final exploration. Two recruitment methods occur, initiated by distinct motor displays: group recruitment takes place first, whilst carrying behaviour becomes the main technique later.

The organization of the group is described. The recruiter extrudes its sting while returning to the old nest and while leading the group. Tracks left on soot-coated glasses are analyzed. Sticks crushed with either the poison gland or the Dufour's gland are effective in leading the ants.

Most adult carrying postures are typical for myrmicines: the occurrence of atypical postures is discussed. All the carrying acts (of brood and adults) are effected by 25% of the workers (on average); carrying activity is age-dependent. The stability of the group of carriers is tested during successive emigrations.

Social regulation potentiality is strong: even queens or callows can move with their larvae when isolated from the rest of the colony.

Resume

Le déménagement de sociétés deMyrmica rubra L. a été induit en laboratoire en dégradant le microclimat des nids.

L'analyse détaillée du processus de déménagement s'appuie sur l'observation et sur la mesure du trafic entre l'ancien et le nouveau nid. On distingue trois phases: l'exploration, l'émigration, et l'exploration finale.Myrmica rubra utilise deux modes de recrutements initiés par des comportements d'invitation distincts: les recrutements de groupe dominent au début, les transports par la suite. L'organisation du groupe est étudiée. Le «leader» émet une phéromone issue de l'appareil à venin. Nous avons tenté d'en préciser l'origine glandulaire (glande de Dufour ou glande à poison) par des expériences de leurre et l'analyse de traces sur du noir de fumée.

La plupart des transports se font selon la position typique des myrmicines; la signification des transports atypiques est discutée. Le transport de compagnes ou de couvain est effectué par 25% des ouvrières (en moyenne), dont la majorité montre une forte pigmentation cuticulaire. La stabilité de ce groupe d'ouvrières transporteuses est testée au cours de déménagements successifs.

Le pouvoir de régulation sociale est élevé: des reines ou des jeunes ouvrières isolées du reste de la colonie peuvent mener un déménagement à bien.

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Abraham, M., Pasteels, J.M. Social Behaviour during nest-moving in the antMyrmica rubra L. (Hym. Form.). Ins. Soc 27, 127–147 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02229249

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02229249

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