Abstract
Nisin is a lantibiotic produced by Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis), which is active against many Gram-positive bacteria. However, in various pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria, the presence of a nisin resistance protein (NSR) confers resistance against nisin. Here, we show that NSR from Streptococcus agalactiae (SaNSR) confers 20-fold resistance when expressed in L. lactis. We also show that SaNSR is encoded by an operon structure comprising of a lipoprotein and an ATP-binding cassette transporter as well as a two-component system that is putatively involved in expression and regulation. This organization of the operon is conserved in several (non)pathogenic strains that do not produce nisin themselves.
The authors would like to thank André Abts and Ulrich Schulte for their helpful suggestions and valuable comments and all the laboratory members for their support. We sincerely thank Dr. Diana Kleinschrodt and Iris Fey, at the Protein Production Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, for cloning the plasmids. We gratefully acknowledge the support (and training) from the International NRW Research School BioStruct and the grants from the Ministry of Innovation, Science and Research of the State North Rhine-Westphalia, the Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, the Entrepreneur Foundation at the Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf. We are highly indebted to the scholarships provided by CLIB Graduate Cluster Industrial Biotechnology to Z.A. and Heinrich Heine International Graduate School of Protein Science and Technology (iGRASPseed) to S.K.
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