The next generation of large space infrastructure will require crucial advancements in current technology. Current methodologies focus on large deployable structures folded into cramped payload fairings or revolutionary assembly techniques requiring many moving components. Utilizing both in-space assembly and deployable concepts, a hybrid mixed assembly scheme was posed using smaller deployable units interspersed with rigid connecting elements to assemble these large architectures. The Built On-Orbit Robotically Assembled Gigatruss (BORG) structure allows for modularity in assembly and repair with the number of separate elements comprising the structure to be reduced, compared to strut-by-strut assembly. The following documents the process of constructing and running physical trials on a prototype BORG architecture. Additionally, a Semantic and Fiducial Aided Graph Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SF-GraphSLAM) approach is taken to verify the relation of assembled and deployed truss elements to aid in error evaluation and state estimation. This technology demonstration stands as a proof of concept in verifying the viability of the BORG architecture as a method for large structure assembly. Full article

The inflammasome is a vital part of the host’s innate immunity activated by cellular infection or stress. Our previous research identified the bovine SP110c isoform (bSP110c) as a novel activator of the inflammasome that promoted the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in macrophages infected with Listeria monocytogenes or stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the exact molecular mechanism for inhibiting bSP110c-induced inflammasome activation requires further clarification. Here, the researchers identified bovine DDX3X (bDDX3X) as an NLRP3-associated protein and an inhibitor of the bSP110c-induced inflammasome in the human THP1 macrophage cell line. Immunoprecipitation showed that bDDX3X interacted with the bSP110c CARD domain via its helicase domain. The co-expression of bSP110c and bDDX3X in THP1 macrophages significantly prevented the bSP110c-induced activation of inflammasomes. In addition, both bDDX3X and bSP110c interacted with bovine NLRP3 (bNLRP3), and bDDX3X enhanced the interaction between bSP110c and bNLRP3. The expression of bDDX3X in nigericin-stimulated THP1 macrophages significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, ASC speck formation, and pyroptosis. These findings demonstrate that bDDX3X negatively regulates the bSP110c-mediated inflammatory response by restricting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This discovery unveils a novel regulatory mechanism involving bDDX3X and bSP110c in coordinating inflammasome activation and subsequent cell-fate decisions in LPS-treated macrophages and, in turn, constitutes a step forward toward the implementation of marker-assisted selection in breeding programs aimed at utilizing cattle’s immune defenses. Full article

In this research, we conducted 1 × 3 and 2 × 2 between-subject experiments to delve into the impacts of ESG assurance, the assurance presentation mode, and the depth of assured ESG indicators on the investment inclination of non-professional investors. Our empirical findings illuminated that non-professional investors exhibited a stronger inclination to invest in companies endorsed with ESG assurance compared to those lacking such endorsement. Furthermore, we observed that this inclination was heightened by presenting the ESG assurance report separately from the ESG report and by enriching the assured ESG indicators. Mediation analysis underscored that the influence of ESG assurance on the investment willingness of non-professional investors operated through its effect on their perception of companies’ ESG performances. This study stands as a valuable addition to the literature on non-financial information disclosure, shedding light on the pivotal role of ESG assurance. Full article

In Sweden, municipalities and municipal planning are central to the government’s preparedness for climate-related risks, as municipalities are the organizations that will largely have to adapt to and prepare for climate change. However, there is little government guidance in the form of clearly formulated policies, policy objectives, and detailed regulations to support municipalities in this work. In practice, municipal officials are tasked with developing climate preparedness, including facilitating citizen awareness of the need to prepare for climate-related risks. By exploring the local level of Swedish public administration, which in practice has to deal with different and sometimes divergent understandings of a situation and who should manage it, the paper explores the implications of officials’ meaning-making about local risk governance. An exploratory approach to risk governance and meaning-making rationality is used to examine Swedish municipal officials’ views of citizens’ climate crisis preparedness and the motives and barriers they perceive the citizens to have in developing this preparedness. An interview study is conducted with 23 officials in 5 municipalities. Based on the results, the paper discusses the implications of the perception that citizens have no constructive role to play in the work to better prepare municipalities for climate change. The paper concludes by discussing how officials’ meaning-making rationality needs to be addressed in the development of robust climate preparedness. Full article

Motor fault diagnosis is an important task in the operational monitoring of electrical machines in manufacturing. This study proposes an effective bearing fault diagnosis model for electrical machinery based on machine learning techniques. The proposed model is a combination of three processes: feature extraction of signals collected from the motor based on multi-resolution analysis, fast Fourier transform, and envelope analysis. Next, redundant or irrelevant features are removed using the feature selection technique. A binary salps swarm algorithm combined with an extended repository is the proposed method to remove unnecessary features. As a result, an optimal feature subset is obtained to improve the performance of the classification model. Finally, two classifiers, k-nearest neighbor and support vector machine, are used to classify the fault of the electric motor. There are four input datasets used to evaluate the model performance, and UCI is the benchmark dataset to verify the effectiveness of the proposed feature selection technique. The remaining three datasets include the bearing dataset collected from experiments, with an average classification accuracy of 99.9%, as well as Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) and Machinery Failure Prevention Technology (MFPT), which are public datasets with average classification accuracies of 99.6% and 98.98%, respectively. The experimental results show that this method is more effective in diagnosing bearing faults than other traditional methods and prove its robustness. Full article

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multidimensional disease; however, the association of another systemic autoimmune disease further complicates its clinical presentation. Aim: We decided to investigate whether the association of overlap syndromes is linked with a different clinical picture compared to pure lupus and whether this association changes the sensitivity of the following commonly used criteria: the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR), the ACR-1997 and the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria. Method: We performed a retrospective observational study among 382 patients afflicted with lupus: we measured as much of the full clinical and laboratory picture as possible in an unselected cohort. The diagnosis of SLE and other systemic autoimmune diseases was established by the rheumatologist in routine care and then the authors compared the characteristics of patients with pure lupus and those with overlapping pathologies. The diagnosis rates were compared to those that were determined based on the three classification criteria in order to identify various sensitivities and whether the existence of an overlap affects their rates. The fulfillment of each set of criteria was calculated using an Excel-based automatic calculation. Results: Among the patients, the ACR 1997′s sensitivity was 81.2% (310 patients), and the SLICC 2012 criteria achieved 94.5% sensitivity (361 patients). The 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria resulted in a slightly lower sensitivity (90.3%—345 patients) when compared to the original publication (96%) due to the lower sensitivity of our anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) test (measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)). Nearly all ANA-negative (21/22—95%) patients showed a positive lupus-associated antibody test. The proportion of ANA-negative cases showed no significant difference among pure and overlap patients. No significant difference was found between patients with overlap (138 patients—36%) and pure SLE (244 patients—64%) through the use of these criteria, with the exception of the SLICC criteria (ACR: 80.4% vs. 81.6%; SLICC: 97.4% vs. 92.6%, p = 0.035; EULAR/ACR 2019: 91.4% vs. 89.6%). Patients with an overlap syndrome were significantly older (55 vs. 50 years, p = 0.001), more likely to suffer from interstitial lung disease (ILD: 20% vs. 11%, p = 0.0343) and less frequently showed class III/IV lupus nephritis (7% vs. 14%, p = 0.029) when compared with their pure lupus counterparts. Conclusion: All investigated criteria regarding sensitivity were similar to the original publication’s findings. The sensitivity of the EULAR/ACR 2019 classification criterion in cases with overlap syndrome proved excellent, with results very similar to patients afflicted with pure SLE. In the presence of an overlap syndrome, we found significantly fewer patients with lupus nephritis III/IV but no differences in other typical lupus organ manifestation beyond the kidney, whereas we found a higher proportion of ILD in patients with an overlap, indicating that the presence of an overlap syndrome significantly influences the observed clinical picture in real-world conditions. Full article

The correlation between negative pulse and the black electrolyte properties of magnesium alloy micro-arc oxidation and the treated area was investigated by introducing a negative pulse electric field. The physical phase composition, microstructure, elemental distribution, and content of the coating were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the introduction of negative pulses favored the generation of MgO and MgSiO₃ contents in the coatings, and an increase in the MgO phase was found in the coatings formed in the failed electrolytes; the microporous size and microcracks of the coatings were gradually and significantly reduced; the average consumption of Cu ions was 0.0453 g/L·dm², which is only 26% of that in the unipolar condition; the introduction of the negative pulses significantly improved the “anomalous consumption” of Cu ions. The introduction of negative pulse can significantly improve the “abnormal consumption” of copper ions, which is attributed to the change in the electric field by negative pulse, which makes the cathode-enriched Cu ions migrate to the anode and reduces the reduction and precipitation of Cu ions at the cathode. Full article

Multi-stakeholder participation processes in watershed management face challenges due to limited monitoring and baseline data, resulting in a lack of awareness among stakeholders about the current state of the watershed. This knowledge gap often leads to conflicts of interest, wherein the broader impacts of individual decisions are overlooked. To overcome these limitations, this paper explores the design and implementation of a Serious Game (SG) aimed at coproducing a watershed management plan at the basin scale within the specific context of the Campoalegre River basin in Colombia. By providing an interactive platform, the SG facilitates collaboration between local actors, who may be unfamiliar with existing watershed plans, and decision-makers. The goal is to create a participatory space where stakeholders can comprehend the watershed management plan structure and prioritize actions based on various climatic, social, and economic conditions. Following the application of the SG, stakeholders demonstrated an improved understanding of the basin, fostering increased participation, open debate, and the proposal of actions. These outcomes serve as valuable inputs for the implementation of water management planning policies, showcasing the potential of SGs in bridging knowledge gaps, and fostering effective multi-stakeholder engagement. Full article

This paper introduces a new modelling approach that incorporates nonlinear, exponential deterministic terms into a fractional integration framework. The proposed model is based on a specific test on fractional integration that is more general than the standard methods, which allow for only linear trends.. Its limiting distribution is standard normal, and Monte Carlo simulations show that it performs well in finite samples. Three empirical examples confirm that the suggested specification captures the properties of the data adequately. Full article

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has emerged as an etiologic factor of squamous papilloma (SP). The oropharynx and larynx are common sites of SP, but studies on the prevalence of HPV infection in these sites are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the prevalence and characteristics of HPV infection in oropharyngeal SP (OPSP) and laryngeal SP (LSP). HPV detection and genotyping data of patients with pathologically confirmed OPSP and LSP were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 119 patients were enrolled, consisting of 93 patients with OPSP and 26 patients with LSP. Of those patients, 13 patients with OPSP and 14 patients with LSP were positive for HPV infection, accounting for a prevalence of 14.0% and 53.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). The most prevalent genotype was HPV16 in OPSP and HPV6 in LSP. Over two-thirds (69.2%) of HPV(+)-OPSP infections were high-risk types compared with 14.3% of HPV(+)-LSP infections (p = 0.004). The prevalence of HPV infection in patients with OPSP and LSP demonstrated no differences in terms of age, sex, and smoking status. These results could provide a better understanding of HPV infection in OPSP and LSP and serve as a background for the epidemiology of HPV-related tumorigenesis of the oropharynx and larynx. Full article

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important risk factor for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). HPV-positive (HPV+) cases are associated with a different pathophysiology, microstructure, and prognosis compared to HPV-negative (HPV−) cases. This review aimed to investigate the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to discriminate between HPV+ and HPV− tumours and predict HPV status in OPSCC patients. A systematic literature search was performed on 15 December 2022 on EMBASE, MEDLINE ALL, Web of Science, and Cochrane according to PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-eight studies (n = 2634 patients) were included. Five, nineteen, and seven studies investigated structural MRI (e.g., T1, T2-weighted), diffusion-weighted MRI, and other sequences, respectively. Three out of four studies found that HPV+ tumours were significantly smaller in size, and their lymph node metastases were more cystic in structure than HPV− ones. Eleven out of thirteen studies found that the mean apparent diffusion coefficient was significantly higher in HPV− than HPV+ primary tumours. Other sequences need further investigation. Fourteen studies used MRI to predict HPV status using clinical, radiological, and radiomics features. The reported areas under the curve (AUC) values ranged between 0.697 and 0.944. MRI can potentially be used to find differences between HPV+ and HPV− OPSCC patients and predict HPV status with reasonable accuracy. Larger studies with external model validation using independent datasets are needed before clinical implementation. Full article

Despite evidence suggesting the importance of psychological resilience for successful aging, little is known about the relationship between diet quality and resilience at different ages. Our study aims to examine the association between diet quality and resilience across the stages of adulthood. Using Stanfords’ WELL for Life (WELL) survey data, we conducted a cross-sectional study of diet quality, resilience, sociodemographic, perceived stress, lifestyle, and mental health factors among 6171 Bay Area adults. Diet quality was measured by the WELL Diet Score, which ranges from 0–120. A higher score indicates a better diet quality. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the WELL Diet Score and overall resilience and within the following age groups: early young (18–24), late young (25–34), middle (35–49), and late adulthood (≥50). To test whether these associations varied by age groups, an age group by resilience interaction term was also examined. In the fully adjusted model, the WELL Diet Score was positively and significantly associated with overall resilience (all ages (β = 1.2 ± sd: 0.2, p < 0.001)) and within each age group (early young (β = 1.1 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001); late young (β = 1.2 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001); middle (β = 0.9 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001); and late adulthood (β = 1.0 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001)). Young adults demonstrated the strongest associations between diet quality and resilience. However, there were no significant age-by-resilience interactions. Diet quality may be positively associated with resilience at all stages of adulthood. Further research is needed to determine whether assessing and addressing resilience could inform the development of more effective dietary interventions, particularly in young adults. Full article

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the principal catechin in green tea, exhibits diverse therapeutic properties. However, its clinical efficacy is hindered by poor stability and low bioavailability. This study investigated solid particle-in-oil-in-water (S/O/W) emulsions stabilized by whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium caseinate (NaCas) as carriers to enhance the bioavailability and intestinal absorption of EGCG. Molecular docking revealed binding interactions between EGCG and these macromolecules. The WPI- and NaCas-stabilized emulsions exhibited high encapsulation efficiencies (>80%) and significantly enhanced the bioaccessibility of EGCG by 64% compared to free EGCG after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Notably, the NaCas emulsion facilitated higher intestinal permeability of EGCG across Caco-2 monolayers, attributed to the strong intermolecular interactions between caseins and EGCG. Furthermore, the emulsions protected Caco-2 cells against oxidative stress by suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. These findings demonstrate the potential of WPI- and NaCas-stabilized emulsions as effective delivery systems to improve the bioavailability, stability, and bioactivity of polyphenols like EGCG, enabling their applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Full article

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a rare, toxin-mediated, desquamating bacterial infectious dermatosis. So far, data from Southwestern China is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of SSSS patients in our hospital, the relative proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in skin and soft tissue secretions, and the drug sensitivity of S. aureus to better assist dermatologists in the diagnosis and treatment of SSSS. We reviewed the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment regimens, therapeutic efficacy, laboratory test results, drug sensitivity, and outcome data of 79 SSSS patients from January 2012 to December 2021. Statistical analysis was performed using t tests and chi-square tests. Among the 79 SSSS patients, MRSA was detected in 35 (44.3%) isolates: 34 community-acquired (CA)-MRSA (97.1%) and 1 hospital-acquired (HA)-MRSA. The SSSS incidence increased annually from 2012 to 2014 and then decreased gradually after peaking in 2015. All the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, tigecycline, linezolid, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin; were completely resistant to penicillin; and had low sensitivity to clindamycin and erythromycin. Interestingly, the sensitivity of MRSA to tetracycline increased annually after 2015. The resistance rates to common drugs previously used to treat SSSS increased. These findings may accelerate diagnosis and improve empirical antibiotic use, suggesting that clinicians should prescribe drugs according to antimicrobial susceptibility. Full article

Medical data sharing is pivotal in enhancing accessibility and collaboration among healthcare providers, researchers, and institutions, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and more efficient healthcare delivery. However, due to the sensitive nature of medical information, ensuring both privacy and confidentiality is paramount. Access control-based data sharing methods have been explored to address these issues, but data privacy concerns still remain. Therefore, this paper proposes a secure and privacy-preserving data sharing scheme that achieves an equilibrium between data confidentiality and privacy. By leveraging key aggregate encryption and private set intersection techniques, our scheme ensures secure data sharing while protecting against the exposure of sensitive information related to data. We conduct informal and formal security analyses, including Burrow–Abadi–Needham logic and Scyther, to demonstrate its resilience against potential adversarial attacks. We also implement the execution time for cryptographic operations using multiprecision integer and a rational arithmetic cryptographic library and perform comparative analysis with existing related schemes in terms of security, computational cost, and time complexity. Our findings demonstrate a high level of security and efficiency, demonstrating that the proposed scheme contributes to the field by providing a solution that protects data privacy while enabling secure and flexible sharing of medical data. Full article

In an era of connectivity, the Internet of Things introduces smart solutions for smart and sustainable agriculture, bringing alternatives to overcome the food crisis. Among these solutions, smart greenhouses support crop and vegetable agriculture regardless of season and cultivated area by carefully controlling and managing parameters like temperature, air and soil humidity, and light. Smart technologies have proven to be successful tools for increasing agricultural production at both the macro and micro levels, which is an important step in streamlining small-scale agriculture. This paper presents an experimental Internet of Things-based small-scale greenhouse prototype as a proof of concept for the benefits of merging smart sensing, connectivity, IoT, and mobile-based applications, for growing cultures. Our proposed solution is cost-friendly and includes a photovoltaic panel and a buffer battery for reducing energy consumption costs, while also assuring functionality during night and cloudy weather and a mobile application for easy data visualization and monitoring of the greenhouse. Full article

This paper considers a specification rewriting meachanism for a specific fragment of Linear Temporal Logic for Finite traces, DECLAREd, working through an equational logic and rewriting mechanism under customary practitioner assumptions from the Business Process Management literature. By rewriting the specification into an equivalent formula which might be easier to compute, we aim to streamline current state-of-the-art temporal artificial intelligence algorithms working on temporal logic. As this specification rewriting mechanism is ultimately also able to determine with the provided specification is a tautology (always true formula) or a formula containing a temporal contradiction, by detecting the necessity of a specific activity label to be both present and absent within a log, this implies that the proved mechanism is ultimately a SAT-solver for DECLAREd. We prove for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that this fragment is a polytime fragment of LTL_f, while all the previously-investigated fragments or extensions of such a language were in polyspace. We test these considerations over formal synthesis (Lydia), SAT-Solvers (AALTAF) and formal verification (KnoBAB) algorithms, where formal verification can be also run on top of a relational database and can be therefore expressed in terms of relational query answering. We show that all these benefit from the aforementioned assumptions, as running their tasks over a rewritten equivalent specification will improve their running times, thus motivating the pressing need of this approach for practical temporal artificial intelligence scenarios. We validate such claims by testing such algorithms over a Cybersecurity dataset. Full article

Scientific and technological innovation and ecological progress are important forces for China’s high-quality development. Nevertheless, the current body of research seldom explores the mutual dependence and evolutionary patterns of the two regional systems when considering both historical and future perspectives. This paper aims to enhance the current theoretical research framework by focusing on the coastal region of China. It analyzes and predicts the co-evolution and space–time distribution process of two systems by constructing a coupled model and a gray prediction model. The results show the following: (1) the coupling and coordinated development level of the two coastal systems has basically reached the stage of good coupling and coordinated development, and the level has increased, but the gap has gradually increased, and Jiangsu and Guangdong have reached the leading level; (2) the spatial distribution in coastal areas is uneven, showing a convex spatial pattern of “high in the middle and low at both ends”; (3) during the forecast period, the overall coupling and coordination level of the two systems will continue to improve, but individual cities still cannot jump out of the development state of slow development processes. With the aim of fostering the harmonious growth of both systems at both regional and national levels, this paper proposes practical recommendations concerning the establishment of a sustainable interaction mechanism, the evolution of the industrial structure towards ecological sustainability, and the economic contribution to scientific and technological innovation. Furthermore, this article serves as a valuable reference for advancing the sustainable development of other nations. Full article

In this paper, we state an algorithm that checks whether a given second-order linear differential equation can be reduced to the tri-confluent Heun’s equation. The algorithm provides a method for finding solutions of the form $\exp (\int r(x\left)dx\right)·\mathrm{HeunT}(q,\alpha ,\gamma ,\delta ,ϵ,f(x\left)\right),$ where the parameters $\alpha ,\beta ,\lambda \in \mathbb{C},$ the functions $r,f\in \mathbb{C}\left(x\right),$ and f are not constant. Full article

During the Late Precambrian, the North Eastern Desert of Egypt underwent significant crustal evolution in a tectonic environment characterized by strong extension. The Neoproterozoic alkali feldspar granite found in the Homret El Gergab area is a part of the Arabian Nubian Shield and hosts significant rare metal mineralization, including thorite, uranothorite, columbite, zircon, monazite, and xenotime, as well as pyrite, rutile, and ilmenite. The geochemical characteristics of the investigated granite reveal highly fractionated peraluminous, calc–alkaline affinity, A-type granite, and post-collision geochemical signatures, which are emplaced under an extensional regime of within-plate environments. It has elevated concentrations of Rb, Zr, Ba, Y, Nb, Th, and U. The zircon saturation temperature ranges from 753 °C to 766 °C. The formation of alkali feldspar rare metal granite was affected by extreme fractionation and fluid interactions at shallow crustal levels. The continental crust underwent extension, causing the mantle and crust to rise, stretch, and become thinner. This process allows basaltic magma from the mantle to be injected into the continental crust. Heat and volatiles were transferred from these basaltic bodies to the lower continental crust. This process enriched and partially melted the materials in the lower crust. The intrusion of basaltic magma from the mantle into the lower crust led to the formation of A-type granite. Full article

In this study, a method for the active shape control for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRC) reflectors using piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) actuators is proposed. According to this method, a finite element model considering higher transverse shear deformation with independent voltage degrees of freedom is formulated by the Hamilton principle. An optimal shape controller that minimizes the discrete root mean square (RMS) error of a reflecting surface is applied. Then, the optimal arrangements of the PZT actuators are determined by numerical optimization methods, which are developed by modifying the classical Genetic Algorithm, with both single and multi-objective optimizations being studied. In the single optimization formulation, the number of actuators is considered as a constraint, and the RMS error of the reflector is regarded as the optimizing target. A hybrid method that combines the gradient projection method with an adaptive Genetic Algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. In the multi-objective optimization, the residual RMS errors and power consumption of the actuators are considered as the optimization targets. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained by an improved multi-objective Genetic Algorithm. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Full article

Yerba Mate drink made from dried and crushed leaves and twigs of Paraguayan holly (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), which is a valuable source of bioactive substances, in particular antioxidants. The available literature lacks data on changes in the content and profile of bioactive compounds such as tannins, caffeine, the phenolic acid profile of flavonoids and carotenoids, as well as total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in Yerba Mate infusions depending on different brewing conditions, and how different brewing conditions affect the physicochemical properties of these infusions. Therefore, this study evaluated the physicochemical properties of dried and Yerba Mate infusions prepared via single and double brewing processes at 70 °C and 100 °C. The organoleptic evaluation, as well as the instrumental color measurement, showed significant changes in the total color difference (ΔE) and the L*a*b* chromatic coordinates of dried Yerba Mate samples and their infusions. Moreover, the research showed higher contents of tannins (mean 1.36 ± 0.14 g/100 g d.m.), caffeine (mean 17.79 ± 3.49 mg/g d.m.), carotenoids (mean 12.90 ± 0.44 μg/g d.m.), phenolic acids (mean 69.97 ± 7.10 mg/g d.m.), flavonoids (mean 5.47 ± 1.78 mg/g d.m.), total polyphenols (mean 55.26 ± 8.51 mg GAE/g d.m.), and antioxidant activity (mean 2031.98 ± 146.47 μM TEAC/g d.m.) in single-brewed Yerba Mate infusions compared to double-brewed (0.77 ± 0.12 g/100 g d.m., 14.28 ± 5.80 mg/g d.m., 12.67 ± 0.62 μg/g d.m., 57.75 ± 8.73 mg/g d.m., 3.64 ± 0.76 mg/g d.m., 33.44 ± 6.48 mg GAE/g d.m. and 1683.09 ± 155.34 μM TEAC/g d.m., respectively). In addition, infusions prepared at a lower temperature (70 °C) were characterized by a higher content of total polyphenols and higher antioxidant activity, in contrast to the tannin and carotenoid contents, the levels of which were higher at 100 °C than at 70 °C. Considering the high amount of bioactive ingredients, in particular antioxidants, and a wide range of health benefits, it is worth including Yerba Mate in the daily diet. Full article