Abstract
This paper reports measurements to determine the spin-exchange cross section for collisions between like alkali atoms. The spin-exchange cross section is determined for , , , , and . The lifetime of the alkali atoms in the Zeeman sublevels of the ground-state hyperfine levels is dominated by spin-exchange collisions. The spin-exchange collision rate is therefore reflected by the linewidth of the microwave absorption spectrum observed in the magnetic dipole transitions between various of the Zeeman sublevels. The measurements employed an -band electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer. The alkali metal was distilled into a sample bulb which was placed inside a Dewar in a resonant cavity. The bulb was then heated to a temperature corresponding to an equilibrium vapor density of approximately alkali atoms/c.c. and the microwave absorption spectrum was recorded. In order to relate the spin-exchange rate to a cross section, it is necessary to determine the alkali density. This was done by comparing the intensity of the alkali EPR absorption to that of a weighed and oriented copper sulfate crystal. For and , interpretation of the linewidth data is complicated by the fact that the transitions occur in a region where there is appreciable mixing of the high-field spin states by the hyperfine interaction. A density-matrix description of spin exchange which corrects for this intermediate field mixing is discussed, and the corrections are applied to the measured cross sections for two transitions in and . Relative cross sections, referred to that of , are also given.
- Received 1 April 1969
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.184.102
©1969 American Physical Society