Abstract
We theoretically study dilute superfluidity of spin-1 bosons with antiferromagnetic interactions and synthetic spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in a one-dimensional lattice. Employing a combination of density matrix renormalization group and quantum field theoretical techniques we demonstrate the appearance of a robust superfluid spin-liquid phase in which the spin sector of this spinor Bose-Einstein condensate remains quantum disordered even after introducing quadratic Zeeman and helical magnetic fields. Despite remaining disordered, the presence of these symmetry-breaking fields lifts the perfect spin-charge separation and thus the nematic correlators obey power-law behavior. We demonstrate that, at strong coupling, the SOC induces a charge density wave state that is not accessible in the presence of linear and quadratic Zeeman fields alone. In addition, the SOC induces oscillations in the spin and nematic expectation values as well as the bosonic Green's function. These nontrivial effects of an SOC are suppressed under the application of a large quadratic Zeeman field. We discuss how our results could be observed in experiments on ultracold gases of in an optical lattice.
9 More- Received 18 December 2019
- Accepted 5 February 2020
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.013252
Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.
Published by the American Physical Society