Abstract
The statistical distributions of the number of simultaneously emitted secondary electrons (SE’s) from a thin carbon foil induced by the frozen-charged and projectiles of 2.5–3.5 MeV have been measured by using the coincidence technique with the foil-transmitted particles. The measurement was carried out at the forward and backward directions of the incident beam separately. For frozen-charged the average SE yields per projectile at the forward direction, and at the backward direction, are significantly smaller than the corresponding ones for due to the screening effect of its bound electron. In addition to the suppression of low-energy electron production for the preferential forward emission of high-energy electrons makes the proton-hydrogen difference in the ratio of to the stopping power more striking. Although the probability of simultaneous n electron emission per unit projectile, for is significantly smaller than that for at small n, their difference decreases with increasing n both at the forward and backward directions. This behavior of also suggests that there is not a large proton-hydrogen difference in the production of high-energy electrons. As a result of a simple model calculation, the difference between the emission statistics by and can be well reproduced by a Poisson distribution with a mean equal to the difference of their or values and the validity of the above-mentioned interpretation on the proton-hydrogen difference of the SE emission is quantitatively confirmed.
- Received 17 January 2002
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.65.052902
©2002 American Physical Society