We used finite element analysis to study the impacts of cross-sectional shape, elasticity modulus, hole width, slope angle, and ratio of trench width to tunnel width on the vertical earth pressure on top of cut-and-cover tunnels. The study results show that the effect of the tunnel width coefficient nonlinearly increases with increase in the fill height. The effect of the elasticity modulus coefficient and the coupled effect of slope angle and the ratio of trench width to cut-and-cover tunnel width decreases nonlinearly. We also analyzed two calculation cases for high-filled railway cut-and-cover tunnels and compared the calculated results with those obtained by numerical simulation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Marston, "The theory of external loads on closed conduits in the light of the latest experiments," Highway Research Board Proceedings, Washington D.C., 9, 138-170 (1930).
C. G. Kellogg, "Vertical earth loads on buried engineered works," J. Geotech. Eng., 119(3), 487-506 (1993).
Y. S. Karinski, A. N. Dancygier, and I. Leviathan, "An analytical model to evaluate the static soil pressure on a buried structure," Eng. Struct., 25(1), 91-101 (2003).
K. Kim, and C. H. Yoo, "Design loading on deeply buried box culverts," J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 131(1), 20-27 (2005).
J. Kang, F. Parker, and C. H. Yoo, "Soil-structure interaction for deeply buried corrugated steel pipes, Part I: Embankment installation," Eng. Struct., 30(2), 384-392 (2008).
A. Q. Gu, "Vertical earth pressure on top-buried pipes and caves," Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 3(1), 3-15 (1981).
J. J. Zheng, J. B. Zhao, and B. G. Chen, "Vertical earth pressure on culverts under high embankments," Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 31(7), 1009-1013 (2009).
K. Ono, and M. Yamada, "Analysis of the arching action in granular mass," Geotechnique, 43(1), 105-120 (1996).
N. G. Larsen, and J. G. Hendrickson, "A practical method for construction rigid conduits under high fills," Highway Research Board Proceedings, Washington, D.C., 41 ,273-280 (1962).
R. K. Taylor, and M. G. Spangler, "Induced-Trench Method of Culvert Installation," 52 Annual Meeting of the Highway Research Board, Washington D.C., 443, 15-31 (1973).
J. A. Sladen, and J. M. Oswell, "The induced trench method-a critical review and case history," Can. Geotech. J., 25(3), 541-549 (1988).
J. Vaslestad, T. H. Johansen, and W. Holm, "Load reduction on rigid culverts beneath high fills: Long-term behavior," Transportation Research Record, (1415), 58-68 (1993).
X. Yang, K. Hua, G. Q. Ju, and W. X. Ding, "Research on selection of structure patterns for open-cut tunnel with super large-span and ultra high backfill load," High Speed Railway Technol., 03, 62-67 (2013).
T. Y. Xu, M. N. Wang, and L. Yu, "Research on feasibility of bi-layer lining adopted in the design of high-fill open cut tunnels," Railway Standard Des., 61(03), 108-112 (2017).
G. H. He, Q. L. Ruan, C. K. Chen, and L. S. Luo, "Analysis on mechanical behaviors of open cut tunnel with high fill and deep foundations," High Speed Railway Technol., 04, 32-36 (2012).
S. Li, L. Ma, Q. C. Wang, J. X. Li, W. W. Li, and Y. J. Zhang, "Calculation method and influencing factors for earth pressure of high fill open cut tunnels," China Railway Sci., 37(5), 41-49 (2016).
S. Li, L. Ma, Q. C. Wang, J. X. Li, S. Z. Li, and Y. J. Zhang, "Calculation of the earth pressure on the high fill open-cut tunnels with load reduction reinforcement considering secondary loading," Rock Soil Mech., 36(11), 3229-3234 (2015).
China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd. Code for Design of Railway Tunnels (TB10003-2016) [in Chinese], China Railway Publishing Press, Beijing (2017).
China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd. Code for Design of Road Tunnels (JTG D70-2004) [in Chinese], China People's Communications Press, Beijing (2004).
U.S. Federal Highway Administration. Technical Manual for Design and Construction of Road Tunnels - Civil Elements, Washington D.C., National Highway Institute (2009).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 3, p. 17, May-June, 2019.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, S., Yao, Y.X., Ho, I.H. et al. Vertical Earth Pressure Design for High-Filled Cut-and-Cover Tunnels. Soil Mech Found Eng 56, 184–190 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11204-019-09588-5
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11204-019-09588-5