Abstract
The rate of solidification of dilute tin-lead alloys has been measured as a function of the initial undercooling (up to 45°C) and the solute content (up to 2 wt pct lead). Solidified specimens were examined by metallography and X-ray diffraction to obtain information on the solidification process and the resulting grain structure. Over an intermediate range of undercoolings, it was found that dendrites grow in the tin-lead alloys as much as four times faster than in pure tin at the same undercooling. This result is inconsistent with any present theories for dendrite growth kinetics in binary alloys. At both lower and higher undercoolings there is no evidence for growth by simple extension of dendrites along the specimen, and solidification rate measurements made under these conditions are probably not indicative of normal dendrite growth kinetics.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. T. Orrok: Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University, 1958.
V. V. Nikonova and D. E. Temkin:Growth and Perfection of Metallic Crystals, p. 43, Consultants Bureau, New York, N.Y., 1958.
M. E. Glicksman and R. J. Schaefer:J. of Cryst. Growth, 1967, vol. 1. p. 297.
G. L. F. Powell, G. A. Colligan, V. A. Surprenant, and A. W. Urquhart:Met. Tram. A, 1977, vol. 8A, p. 971.
G. L. Kehl:The Principles of Metallographic Laboratory Practice, 3rd ed., p. 421, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, N.Y. 1949.
R. J. Schaefer and M. E. Glicksman:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1967, vol. 239, p. 257.
B. F. Ryan and W. C. Macklin:J. Cryst. Growth, 1968, vol. 2, p. 337.
S. O’Hara:Acta Met., 1967, vol. 15, p. 231.
J. L. Walker:Physical Chemistry of Process Metallurgy II, p. 845, Interscience, New York, N.Y., 1961.
T. Z. Kattamis and M. C. Flemings:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1966, vol. 236, p. 1523.
T. Z. Kattamis:J. of Mater. Sci., 1970, vol. 5, p. 531.
L. A. Tarshis, J. L. Walker, and J. W. Rutter:Met. Trans., 1971, vol. 2, p. 2589.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
A. W. Urquhart and G. L. F. Powell were formerly at the Thayer School of Engineering.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Urquhart, A.W., Colligan, G.A. & Powell, G.L.F. Solidification of undercooled dilute tin-lead alloys. Metall Trans A 8, 1291–1299 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643844
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643844