Skip to main content
Log in

Particle number in kinetic theory

  • theoretical physics
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract.

We provide a derivation for the particle number densities on phase space for scalar and fermionic fields in terms of Wigner functions. Our expressions satisfy the desired properties: for bosons the particle number is positive, for fermions it lies in the interval between zero and one, and both are consistent with thermal field theory. As applications we consider the Bunch-Davies vacuum and fermionic preheating after inflation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. E.P. Wigner, Phys. Rev. 40, 749 (1932)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Hillery, R.F. O’Connell, M.O. Scully, E.P. Wigner, Phys. Rept. 106, 121 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Y. Kluger, E. Mottola, J.M. Eisenberg, Phys. Rev. D 58, 125015 (1998) [hep-ph/9803372]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. L. Parker, Phys. Rev. 183, 1057 (1969)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. S.G. Mamaev, V.M. Mostepanenko, V.M. Frolov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 23, 592 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  6. D.J. Chung, E.W. Kolb, A. Riotto, I.I. Tkachev, Phys. Rev. D 62, 043508 (2000) [hep-ph/9910437]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. P. f. Zhuang, U.W. Heinz, Phys. Rev. D 57, 6525 (1998) [hep-ph/9801221].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. D. Bödeker, K. Kainulainen, T. Prokopec (unpublished)

  9. L. Kofman, A.D. Linde, A.A. Starobinsky, Phys. Rev. D 56, 3258 (1997) [hep-ph/9704452]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. N.A. Chernikov, E.A. Tagirov, Annales Poincaré Phys. Theor. A 9, 109 (1968)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. T.S. Bunch, P.C. Davies, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 360, 117 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  12. M. Mijić, Phys. Rev. D 57, 2138 (1998) [gr-qc/9801 094]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. L.H. Ford, Phys. Rev. D 35, 2955 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Le Bellac, Thermal field theory (Cambridge University Press 1996)

  15. G. Aarts, J. Smit, Phys. Rev. D 61, 025002 (2000) [hep-ph/9906538]; M. Salle, J. Smit, J.C. Vink, Phys. Rev. D 64, 025016 (2001) [hep-ph/0012346]; G. Aarts, J. Berges, Phys. Rev. D 64, 105010 (2001) [hep-ph/0103049]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. K. Kainulainen, T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt, S. Weinstock, Phys. Rev. D 66, 043502 (2002) [hep-ph/0202177]; JHEP 0106, 031 (2001) [hep-ph/0105295]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Peloso, L. Sorbo, JHEP 0005, 016 (2000) [hep-ph/0003045]

    Google Scholar 

  18. B. Garbrecht, T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 061303 (2004) hep-ph/0304088

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. H.P. Nilles, M. Peloso, L. Sorbo, JHEP 0104, 004 (2001) [hep-th/0103202]

    Google Scholar 

  20. T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt, S. Weinstock, Transport equations for chiral fermions to order h-bar and electroweak baryogenesis: Part I [hep-ph/0312110] and Part II [hep-ph/0406140], Annals of Physics (to be published)

  21. H.E. Kandrup, Phys. Rev. D 38, 1773 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. A. Albrecht, P. Ferreira, M. Joyce, T. Prokopec, Phys. Rev. D 50, 4807 (1994) [astro-ph/9303001]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. D. Polarski, A.A. Starobinsky, Class. Quant. Grav. 13, 377 (1996) [gr-qc/9504030]

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. R.H. Brandenberger, V. Mukhanov, T. Prokopec, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 3606 (1992) [astro-ph/9206005]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Berges, S. Borsanyi, J. Serreau, Nucl. Phys. B 660, 51 (2003) [hep-ph/0212404]

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. Garbrecht.

Additional information

Received: 18 May 2004, Revised: 27 August 2004, Published online: 20 October 2004

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Garbrecht, B., Prokopec, T. & Schmidt, M.G. Particle number in kinetic theory. Eur. Phys. J. C 38, 135–143 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2004-02007-0

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2004-02007-0

Keywords

Navigation