Introduction: Due to the complex nature of chronic pain, especially in older adults, a biopsychosocial approach is more effective than an isolated approach for its management. Furthermore, when patients are actively engaged in their pain management, they are more likely to be successful than relying totally on others. Objective: To analyze the self-management strategies currently used by older adults with chronic pain. Method: An integrative review was conducted through seven online databases, searching for scientific studies on this topic published in the last 10 years. Results and conclusion: Fifty-eight studies were included in the final sample. Research on chronic pain self-management for older adults has increased in recent years. Although a diversity of chronic physical painful conditions are being investigated, many conditions are still under-investigated. Online and in-person strategies are currently adopted, demonstrating similar results. Positive results are evidenced by strategies including health promotion, mind control, social participation and take-action fields. Major results come from a combination of strategies focusing on biopsychosocial aspects of pain management. Results include not only the reduction of pain itself, but increased self-efficacy, adoption of health behaviors and improvement of functionality, among others, i.e., improved QoL, despite pain. Full article

The description of the electron–electron interactions in two-dimensional materials has a dimensional mismatch, where electrons live in (2 + 1)D while photons propagate in (3 + 1)D. In order to define an action in (2 + 1)D, one may perform a dimensional reduction of quantum electrodynamics in (3 + 1)D (QED4) into pseudo-quantum electrodynamics (PQED). The main difference between this model and QED4 is the presence of a pseudo-differential operator in the Maxwell term. However, besides the Coulomb repulsion, electrons in a material are subjected to several microscopic interactions, which are inherent in a many-body system. These are expected to reduce the range of the Coulomb potential, leading to a short-range interaction. Here, we consider the coupling to a scalar field in PQED for explaining such a mechanism, which resembles the spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in Abelian gauge theories. In order to do so, we consider two cases: (i) by coupling the quantum electrodynamics to a Higgs field in (3 + 1)D and, thereafter, performing the dimensional reduction; and (ii) by coupling a Higgs field to the gauge field in PQED and, subsequently, calculating its effective potential. In case (i), we obtain a model describing electrons interacting through the Yukawa potential and, in case (ii), we show that SSB does not occur at one-loop approximation. The relevance of the model for describing electronic interactions in two-dimensional materials is also addressed. Full article

Cooperation in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area under the “one country, two systems” framework is different from regional cooperation in other areas. Its unique cross-border cooperation within one country has attracted much attention from the academic community. Since the 1980s, the cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao has gone through different stages with China’s development. Examining the process of change can contribute to understanding the logic and driving mechanisms of cooperation in the Greater Bay Area. This study shows that regional cooperation has been driven from the market to the combined influence of the market and government since the 1980s. During this transition, the central government has become increasingly involved in the cooperation through political embedding, eventually becoming the main driver of this regional cooperation. However, regardless of whether the driving force was the market or the government, significant internal tensions remained throughout the transition process. The research suggests that the top-level design for institutionalising regional cooperation can effectively balance market and administrative forces, leveraging the strengths of each. It is valuable to elucidate the uniqueness and complexity of Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao cooperation under “one country, two systems”, which will contribute to further promoting deep cooperation in the Greater Bay Area. Full article

The first systematic attempts to straighten the River Inn in Tyrol for shipping and land reclamation date back to the middle of the 18th century. A dedicated hydraulic engineering authority—the so-called Main Ark Inspection—was established to realize this challenging task. The one-man authority was unable to straighten the Alpine river through the period of its existence up to 1792. The reasons for this were by no means related to a lack of technical resources and knowledge. On the contrary, a micro- and environmental-historical analysis of the attempts to straighten the River Inn highlights the complexity of the causes, which were mutually reinforcing and multifactorial. In this paper, four key causes are examined in more detail: (1) the social organization of water engineering, (2) social conflicts between riparian communities among themselves and with the hydraulic engineering authority, (3) conflicts between Tyrol and Bavaria at the wet border downstream of Kufstein, and (4) increased bedload discharge into the main river by tributaries. To illustrate the causes mentioned above, historical river maps are analyzed in great detail, drawing on contemporaneous written sources. The approach thereby highlights the overall complexity of pre-modern hydraulic engineering in all its facets, be they social, technical, natural, administrative, or organizational. To conclude, the results of this environmental history research are embedded and discussed in the context of integrated river management in the Anthropocene. Full article

(1) The early assessment of wood quality, even while trees are standing, provides significant benefits for forest management, sales efficiency, and market diversification. Its definition cannot be in absolute terms but must always be linked to the material’s intended use. (2) In this contribution, a review of the scientific literature is given to discuss the visually evaluable attributes that define wood quality in standing trees, the applicability of the techniques used for their assessment, and the effectiveness of these attributes and technologies in predicting quality, to finally highlight future research needs. (3) The visual characteristics generally used to evaluate wood quality are linked to stem form and dimension, branchiness, and stem damage, but their assessment is challenging due to time and resource constraints. To address these challenges, laser-based and image-based techniques have been applied in field surveys. (4) Laser scanners offer detailed and accurate measurements. Photogrammetry, utilizing images to reconstruct 3D models, provides a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative. Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of these tools in surveying the visible properties of stems and branches, but further development is necessary for widespread application, particularly in software development, with faster and more effective algorithmic advancements for automatic recognition and subsequent measurement of pertinent characteristics being critical for enhancing tool usability. (5) However, predicting wood quality from these surveys remains challenging, with a limited correlation between the visible tree characteristics assessed and the sawn product quality. Empirical studies evaluating products downstream in the forest-wood supply chain could provide valuable insights. In this sense, the implementation of traceability systems could facilitate the linkage between data on standing trees and the quality of the sawn product. Also, further research is needed to develop models that can accurately predict internal tree characteristics and their impact on product quality. Full article

Environmental changes in the Brazilian Pantanal and Cerrado facilitate the spread of parasitic diseases in wildlife, with significant implications for public health owing to their zoonotic potential. This study aimed to examine the occurrence and diversity of gastrointestinal parasites in wild felids within these regions to assess their ecological and health impacts. We collected and analyzed helminth-positive samples from 27 wild felids using specific taxonomic keys. Diverse parasitic taxa were detected, including zoonotic helminths, such as Ancylostoma braziliense, Ancylostoma caninum, Ancylostoma pluridentatum, Toxocara cati, Toxocara canis, Dipylidium caninum, Taenia spp., Echinococcus spp., and Spirometra spp. Other nematodes, such as Physaloptera praeputialis and Physaloptera anomala, were identified, along with acanthocephalans from the genus Oncicola and a trematode, Neodiplostomum spp. (potentially the first record of this parasite in wild felids in the Americas). Human encroachment into natural habitats has profound effects on wild populations, influencing parasitic infection rates and patterns. This study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and research on parasitic infections as a means of safeguarding both wildlife and human populations and highlights the role of wild felids as bioindicators of environmental health. Full article

Selection of livestock for disease resistance is challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining reliable phenotypes. Antibodies are immunological molecules that provide direct and indirect defenses against infection and link the activities of both the innate and adaptive compartments of the immune system. As a result, antibodies have been used as a trait in selection for immune defense. The goal of this study was to identify genomic regions associated with natural and induced antibodies in chickens using low-pass sequencing. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to quantify innate (natural) antibodies binding KLH, OVA, and PHA and induced (adaptive) antibodies binding IBD, IBV, NDV, and REO. We collected plasma from four White Leghorn (WL), two White Plymouth Rock (WPR), and two Rhode Island Red (RIR) lines. Samples numbers ranged between 198 and 785 per breed. GWAS was performed within breed on data pre-adjusted for Line-Hatch-Sex effects using GCTA. A threshold of p = 10⁻⁶ was used to select genes for downstream annotation and enrichment analysis with SNPEff and Panther. Significant enrichment was found for the defense/immunity protein, immunoglobulin receptor superfamily, and the antimicrobial response protein in RIR; and the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily, defense/immunity protein, and protein modifying enzyme in WL. However, none were present in WPR, but some of the selected SNP were annotated in immune pathways. This study provides new insights regarding the genetics of the antibody response in layer chickens. Full article

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unelucidated etiology. LP immunopathogenesis is mainly governed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediate an immune response in basal keratinocytes, which may transform into a reservoir of antigens able to initiate an autoimmune reaction. However, other pathogenic pathways complement these mechanisms. Recent studies highlight the involvement of nitrosative stress in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Current data on its role in the pathogenesis of LP are scarce. Methods: In this article, we investigated nitrosative stress in 40 cutaneous LP (CLP) patients compared to 40 healthy subjects using serum markers including nitrosative stress markers—direct nitrite, total nitrite, nitrate and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and hsCRP, a marker of inflammation, and analyzed the relationship between nitrosative stress, antioxidant defense, and inflammation to offer new insights into the role of the NO pathway in LP pathogenesis. Results: We identified significantly higher serum levels of direct nitrite, total nitrite, nitrate, SDMA and hsCRP, and significantly lower levels of TAS in CLP patients versus controls. There were significant negative correlations between the serum levels of TAS and significantl positive correlations between the serum levels of hsCRP and the analyzed nitrosative stress markers in patients with CLP. Conclusion: Our results indicate an increased level of nitrosative stress in LP patients that correlates with a pro-inflammatory status and altered antioxidant defense. Full article

Microwave (MW) drying of wood has gained popularity in the field of wood modification. The rise in temperature during MW drying leads to increased steam pressure, enhancing wood permeability but potentially decreasing mechanical properties. Understanding temperature and moisture behaviors during MW drying is crucial for its industrial application in wood drying. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the temperature and moisture behaviors during MW drying of small Portuguese maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton.) wood samples to support a wider use of this technology. The effects on water uptake and the compressive strength parallel to the grain were also investigated. The results indicated three distinct phases in the MW drying rates, with an average of 0.085% of water removed per second. Moreover, the temperature underwent three distinct stages: an initial rapid increase, a period of constant temperature, and a slight decrease until drying was complete. At the beginning of MW drying, the temperatures were below 100 °C, with average temperatures ranging from 126 to 145 °C. Specimens with lower initial moisture content had higher temperatures, and a positive correlation was found between initial moisture content and drying time. In contrast, negative correlations were found between the initial moisture content and average temperature, as well as average temperature and MW drying time. Additionally, the operating condition parameters used in MW drying of pine samples enhanced water impregnability by 65%, generating a slight reduction of 11% in compressive strength. It was also noticed that the initial moisture content did not impact MW-dried samples’ water uptake or compressive strength. Finally, although small clear wood samples of maritime pine were utilized, the temperature and moisture patterns observed closely matched real-scale specimens. Thus, the findings corroborate a wide utilization of MW technology for wood drying, mainly demonstrating positive possibilities for structural-sized wood specimens. Full article

Photothermolysis is the process that converts radiation energy into thermal energy, which results in the destruction of surrounding tissues or cells through thermal diffusion. Laser therapy that is based on photothermolysis has been a widely used treatment for various skin diseases such as skin cancers and port-wine stains. It offers several benefits such as non-invasiveness and selective treatment. However, the use of light, e.g., laser, for safe and effective photothermolysis becomes challenging due to the limited penetration of light into skin tissue as well as the presence of melanin, which absorbs this light. To solve the current issues, we propose an optical microneedle–lens array (OMLA) coated with gold in this work to directly deliver light to targeted skin layers without being absorbed by surrounding tissues as well as melanin, which results in the improvement of the efficiency of photothermal therapy. We developed a novel fabrication method, frame-guided micromolding, to prepare the OMLA by assembling two negative molds with simultaneous alignment. In addition, evaluations of the optical and heat transfer characteristics of the OMLA were performed. We expect our developed OMLA to play a crucial role in realizing more effective laser therapy by allowing the precise delivery of photons to the target area. Full article

Growing concerns over gambling problems across age groups have sparked research in public health and psychology. During emerging adulthood, individuals are more susceptible to mental health problems and more likely to develop gambling problems than in other age groups. This study explored the potential differences between emerging adults and adults aged 30+ in terms of problem gambling severity (PGS), gambling-related harm (GRH), depression and anxiety, and the mediating role of depression and anxiety in the association between age, PGS, and GRH. A representative online sample of 3244 Israelis aged 18 and over was divided into two groups: 740 emerging adults aged 18–29 and 2504 adults aged 30+. Gambling behaviors, the Problem Gambling Severity Index, the Short Gambling Harm Screen, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 assessing depression and anxiety were administered. Emerging adults had significantly higher levels of GRH, PGS, and depression-anxiety than their older counterparts, above and beyond gender and education. Depression-anxiety fully mediated the associations between age and gambling-related outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of considering psychological well-being in efforts to address problem gambling and gambling-related harms, especially in emerging adults. Full article

The therapeutic effects of curcumin and its derivatives, based on research in recent years, are limited by their low bioavailability. To improve bioavailability and develop the medical field of application, different delivery systems have been developed that are adapted to certain environments or the proposed target type. This study presents some half-curcuminoids prepared by the condensation of acetylacetone with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (C1), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (C2), 4-acetamidobenzaldehyde (C3), or 4-diethylaminobenzaldehyde (C4), at microwaves as a simple, solvent-free, and eco-friendly method. The four compounds obtained were characterized in terms of morphostructural and photophysical properties. Following the predictions of theoretical studies on the biological activities related to the molecular structure, in vitro tests were performed for compounds C1–C3 to evaluate the antitumor properties and for C4’s possible applications in the treatment of neurological diseases. The four compounds were encapsulated in two types of hydrogel matrices. First, the alginate–glucosamine network was generated and then the curcumin analogs were loaded (G1, G3, G5–G7, and G9). The second type of hydrogels was obtained by loading the active compound together with the generation of the hydrogel carrier matrices, by simply dissolving (G4 and G10) or by chemically binding half-curcuminoid derivatives to glucosamine (G2 and G8). Thus, two types of curcumin analog delivery systems were obtained, which could be applied in various types of medical treatments. Full article

Background: A debate persists on the prognostic value of the pre-therapeutic standardized uptake value (SUV) of non-tumorous lung tissue for the risk assessment of therapy-related pneumonitis, with most studies lacking significant correlation. However, the influence of patient comorbidities on the pre-therapeutic lung SUV has not yet been systematically evaluated. Thus, we aimed to elucidate the association between comorbidities, biological variables and lung SUVs in pre-therapeutic [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT. Methods: In this retrospective study, the pre-therapeutic SUV in [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT was measured in non-tumorous areas of both lobes of the lung. SUV_MEAN, SUV_MAX and SUV₉₅ were compared to a multitude of patient characteristics and comorbidities with Spearman’s correlation analysis, followed by a Bonferroni correction and multilinear regression. Results: In total, 240 patients with lung cancer were analyzed. An elevated BMI was significantly associated with increased SUV_MAX (β = 0.037, p < 0.001), SUV_MEAN (β = 0.017, p < 0.001) and SUV₉₅ (β = 0.028, p < 0.001). Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) showed a significantly decreased SUV_MAX (β = −0.156, p = 0.001), SUV_MEAN (β = −0.107, p < 0.001) and SUV₉₅ (β = −0.134, p < 0.001). Multiple other comorbidities did not show a significant correlation with the SUV of the non-tumorous lung. Conclusions: Failure to consider the influence of BMI and COPD on the pre-therapeutic SUV measurements may lead to an erroneous interpretation of the pre-therapeutic SUV and subsequent treatment decisions in patients with lung cancer. Full article

The early detection of gynecological cancers, which is critical for improving patient survival rates, is challenging because of the vague early symptoms and the diagnostic limitations of current approaches. This comprehensive review delves into the game-changing potential of infrared (IR) spectroscopy, a noninvasive technology used to transform the landscape of cancer diagnosis in gynecology. By collecting the distinctive vibrational frequencies of chemical bonds inside tissue samples, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provides a ‘molecular fingerprint’ that outperforms existing diagnostic approaches. We highlight significant advances in this field, particularly the identification of discrete biomarker bands in the mid- and near-IR spectra. Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids exhibited different absorption patterns. These spectral signatures not only serve to distinguish between malignant and benign diseases, but also provide additional information regarding the cellular changes associated with cancer. To underscore the practical consequences of these findings, we examined studies in which IR spectroscopy demonstrated exceptional diagnostic accuracy. This review supports the use of IR spectroscopy in normal clinical practice, emphasizing its capacity to detect and comprehend the intricate molecular underpinnings of gynecological cancers. Full article

In this work, a numerical study on the loop-terminated Mach–Zehnder interferometer (LT-MZI) structure for CO₂ gas sensing applications is carried out via the finite element method. The sensing arm is covered with a polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) polymer which is highly receptive to CO₂ gas. The refractive index of the host material decreases due to the absorption of the CO₂ gas resulting in a shift in the interference pattern of the LT-MZI structure. As a result, a redshift in the wavelength is observed in the transmission spectrum of the device. The sensitivity of the device is estimated at 7.63 pm/ppm, 34.46 pm/ppm, and 74.78 pm/ppm for the sensing arm lengths of 5 µm, 10 µm, and 15 µm, respectively. The sensitivity can be further enhanced, however, at the cost of the bigger footprint of the device. Utilizing the innovative sensor design, a comprehensive range of CO₂ gas concentrations spanning from 0 to 524 ppm is effectively detected. This compact and highly sensitive device serves as a vital tool for monitoring indoor CO₂ levels, fostering a healthier breathing environment for all occupants. Full article

This paper investigates the behavior of SiC MOSFETs body diode reverse recovery as a function of different operating conditions. The knowledge of their effects is crucial to properly designing and driving power converters based on SiC devices, in order to optimize the MOSFETs commutations aiming at improving efficiency. Indeed, reverse recovery is a part of the switching transient, but it has a significant role due to its impact on recovery energy and charge. The set of different operating conditions has been properly chosen to prevent or force the snappy recovery of the device under testing. The experimental results and specific software simulations have revealed phenomena unknown in the literature. More specifically, the analysis of the reverse recovery charge, Q_rr, revealed two unexpected phenomena at high temperatures: it decreased with increasing gate voltage; the higher the device threshold, the higher the Q_rr. TCAD-Silvaco (ATLAS v. 5.29.0.C) simulations have shown that this is due to a displacement current flowing in the drift region due to the output capacitance voltage variation during commutation. From the analysis of the snappy recovery, it has emerged that there is a minimum forward current slope, below which the reverse recovery cannot be snappy, even for a high current level. Once this current slope is reached, Q_rr varies with the forward current only. Full article

As urban underground spaces continue to develop, new engineering projects are increasingly closer to existing operating tunnels. This study focuses on the impact of excavation work, such as a new tunnel or deep excavation, on an existing shield tunnel. However, few studies have examined the simultaneous effects of excavation and over-crossing tunneling on operational tunnels. This paper presents a case study of Section 2 of Hangzhou Metro Line 7, employing MIDAS GTS to simulate the settlement of the existing tunnel and analyze the data collected through automatic measurements. Both methods demonstrated that excavating a foundation pit near the existing tunnel results in the tunnel’s settlement while over-crossing tunneling of the new tunnels leads to the uplift of the existing tunnel. The excavation prompted the existing tunnel to move horizontally toward the foundation pit, whereas over-crossing tunneling pushed it horizontally away. The numerical simulation revealed minor vertical displacement but significant horizontal displacement, aligning closely with the measured data. The impacts of foundation pit excavation and over-crossing tunneling on the vertical and horizontal displacement of existing tunnels are contrary, suggesting that the two construction stages will offset each other. Full article

Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are specific drugs used against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) that showed efficacy in non-IPF fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Both drugs have side effects that affect patients in different ways and have different levels of severity, making treatment even more challenging for patients and clinicians. The present review aims to assess the effectiveness and potential complications of Pirfenidone and Nintedanib treatment regimens across various ILD diseases. A detailed search was performed in relevant articles published between 2018 and 2023 listed in PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate, supplemented with manual research. The following keywords were searched in the databases in all possible combinations: Nintedanib; Pirfenidone, interstitial lung disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The most widely accepted method for evaluating the progression of ILD is through the decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), as determined by respiratory function tests. Specifically, a decrease in FVC over a 6–12-month period correlates directly with increased mortality rates. Antifibrotic drugs Pirfenidone and Nintedanib have been extensively validated; however, some patients reported several side effects, predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms (such as diarrhea, dyspepsia, and vomiting), as well as photosensitivity and skin rashes, particularly associated with Pirfenidone. In cases where the side effects are extremely severe and are more threatening than the disease itself, the treatment has to be discontinued. However, further research is needed to optimize the use of antifibrotic agents in patients with PF-ILDs, which could slow disease progression and decrease all-cause mortality. Finally, other studies are requested to establish the treatments that can stop ILD progression. Full article

With the rapid development of deepfake technology, it is finding applications in virtual movie production and entertainment. However, its potential for malicious use, such as generating false information, fake news, or synthetic pornography, poses significant threats to national and social security. Various research disciplines are actively engaged in developing deepfake video detection technologies to mitigate the risks associated with malicious deepfake content. Therefore, the importance of deepfake video detection technology cannot be overemphasized. This study addresses the challenge posed by images in nonexistent datasets by analyzing deepfake video detection methods. Using temporal and spatial detection techniques and employing 68 facial landmarks for alignment and feature extraction, this research integrates the attention-guided data augmentation (AGDA) strategy to enhance generalization capabilities. The detection performance is evaluated on four datasets: UADFV, FaceForensics++, Celeb-DF, and DFDC, with superior results compared to alternative approaches. To evaluate the study’s ability to accurately discriminate authenticity, detection experiments are conducted on both genuine and deepfake videos synthesized using the DeepFaceLab and FakeApp frameworks. The experimental results show better performance in detecting deepfake videos than other methods compared. Full article

Straw return is a common cultivation to improve soil fertility and realize sustainable agricultural development. However, the effect of returning interval on the corn straw humification process in northeast China is little known. In this study, a four-year field trial was conducted to investigate the characteristics of soil carbon sequestration under the annual deep straw return (T1), the biennial deep straw return (T2), and the non-straw return (T3) in Jilin Province, China. In order to precisely evaluate the soil organic carbon density (SOCD), each soil horizon was divided differently according to the actual situation, rather than a fixed thickness. The results show that both the annual and the biennial deep straw return had a significantly positive influence on the content of soil organic carbon (SOC), humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin in the plough pan (straw-applied horizon), compared to the no-straw return. SOC of the cambic horizon and the C horizon in annual straw return was 28.78%, 47.44% higher than the biennial straw return, but it was 27.58% lower in the plough pan. The SOCD in the plough pan in the biennial straw return was higher than the annual straw return, but their difference in the entire soil profile was not significant. However, the conversion rate of straw carbon to SOC was 18.42% in the annual straw return and 21.05% in the biennial straw return. The straw return amount was not a key factor affecting the SOC sequestration in the cold area; it was restricted by the comprehensive effects of the cold weather, the intensity of soil disturbance, C/V and the initial SOC content. In conclusion, the biennial deep straw return was a better management tool, as it generally had an identical quality and quantity of soil organic carbon and a higher straw conversion rate relative to the annual deep straw return. Full article

Background: Improving local antibiotic delivery is a promising approach to improve infection control and potentially shorten systemic treatment in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This study investigates the use of an antibiotic-loaded, mouldable collagen–tricalciumphosphate composite in treatment of hip PJI. Methods: 124 application cases in 79 patients were included from a referral centre; systemic adverse infects, local complications, and infection control were analysed. Results: In most cases, either vancomycin or meropenem were used. Pathogens were previously known in 82 (66%) cases with polymicrobial infection in 20 (25%) patients. There were no cases of hypercalcaemia. Acute kidney injure was present in 14 (11%) cases. Chronic kidney failure persisted in two cases. During a mean follow-up of 12 (SD 9.3; range 3–35) months, implant survival was achieved in 73 (92%) patients; revision due to PJI was performed in 19 cases. Conclusion: Mouldable collagen–tricalciumphosphate composite bone substitute as a local antibiotic carrier in revision hip arthroplasty appears to be a valid option for local antibiotic delivery without systemic complications. Implant survival of 92% supports the hypothesis that local antibiotic therapy is an important component in the treatment of PJI. Full article

Baccharis macraei Hook. & Arn (Asteraceae), commonly known as Vautro, is found in the coastal areas of central-southern Chile, including the industrial zone of Quintero-Puchuncaví, known for the contamination of its soils with heavy metals, which together with other factors generate abiotic stress in plant species, against which they present defensive mechanisms. For this reason, the objective was to evaluate the effect of abiotic stress generated by the proximity of B. macraei to the industrial complex by assessing the physiological and metabolic states reported by the extracts and compounds isolated from the species, as well as the photosynthetic capacity, metal content and production, and antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against tumorigenic cell lines of the phytoconstituents. To this end, B. macraei was collected at two different distances from the industrial complex, observing that the closer the species is, the greater the concentration of copper in the soil, generating a decrease in the rate of electron transport in situ, but an increase in antioxidant activity with low cytotoxicity. This activity could be due to the presence of flavonoids such as Hispidulin, Cirsimaritina, and Isokaempferida, as well as monoterpenes, oxygenated and non-oxygenated sesquiterpenes identified in this study. Full article