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DMA analysis and wood bonding of PVAc latex reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils

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Abstract

Suspensions of commercial refined beech pulp (RBP) were further processed through mechanical disintegration (MD-RBP), chemical modification (CM-RBP) and through chemical modification followed by mechanical disintegration (CM-MD-RBP). Nanocomposites were prepared by compounding a poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) latex adhesive with increasing contents of the different types of nanofibrils, and the resulting nanocomposites were analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Also, the suitability of using the CM-RBP fibrils to formulate PVAc adhesives for wood bonded assemblies with improved heat resistance was studied. The presence of cellulose nanofibrils had a strong influence on the viscoelastic properties of PVAc latex films. For all nanocomposites, increasing amounts of cellulose nanofibrils (treated or untreated) led to increasing reinforcing effects in the glassy state, but especially in the PVAc and PVOH glass transitions. This reinforcement primarily resulted from interactions between the cellulose fibrils network and the hydrophilic PVOH matrix that led to the complete disappearance of the PVOH glass transition (tan δ peak) for some fibril types and contents. At any given concentration in the PVOH transition, the CM-MD-RBP nanofibrils provided the highest reinforcement, followed by the MD-RBP, CM-RBP and the untreated RBP. Finally, the use of the CM-RBP fibrils to prepare PVAc reinforced adhesives for wood bonding was promising since, even though they generally performed worse in dry and wet conditions, the boards showed superior heat resistance (EN 14257) and passed the test for durability class D1.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mr. Daniel Heer, Mr. Walter Risi and Mr. Michael Strässle (Wood Lab, Empa) for their technical assistance in the manufacture, ageing and testing treatments, respectively, of the bonded assemblies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Wood Laboratory Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland

    Francisco López-Suevos, Christian Eyholzer, Nico Bordeanu & Klaus Richter

  2. Centro de Innovación e Servizos Tecnolóxicos da Madeira de Galicia, CIS-Madeira, Avda. de Galicia, n°5, Parque Tecnolóxico de Galicia, 32901, San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain

    Francisco López-Suevos

  3. Division of Manufacturing and Design of Wood and Bionanocomposites, Luleå University of Technology (LTU), Luleå, Sweden

    Christian Eyholzer

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  1. Francisco López-Suevos
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  2. Christian Eyholzer
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  3. Nico Bordeanu
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  4. Klaus Richter
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Correspondence to Francisco López-Suevos.

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López-Suevos, F., Eyholzer, C., Bordeanu, N. et al. DMA analysis and wood bonding of PVAc latex reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils. Cellulose 17, 387–398 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-010-9396-8

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