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Descent of the Ants


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Rather than falling haphazardly, 25 species of arboreal ants in Panama, Costa Rica and Peru can glide back to their home trees—the first known instance of wingless insects guiding their fall. White nail polish on the ants' rear legs and high-speed video revealed that after being dropped from 30 meters up, ants can swivel quickly to glide backward to a tree. They can make 180-degree turns in midair that appear to involve abdominal undulations, airfoillike flattened hind legs, and flattened heads with flanges that can act as rudders. Eighty-five percent of canopy ant (Cephalotes atratus) workers returned to their home tree after falling, frequently crawling back to the branch from which they started within 10 minutes. Evidence suggests that the ants sometimes might purposely drop off trees to avoid predators. The report landed in the February 10 Nature.

Charles Q. Choi is a frequent contributor to Scientific American. His work has also appeared in The New York Times, Science, Nature, Wired, and LiveScience, among others. In his spare time, he has traveled to all seven continents.

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Scientific American Magazine Vol 292 Issue 4This article was originally published with the title “Descent of the Ants” in Scientific American Magazine Vol. 292 No. 4 (), p. 34
doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0405-34c